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The ecological meaning of niche comes from the meaning of niche as a recess in a wall for a statue, [7] which itself is probably derived from the Middle French word nicher, meaning to nest. [ 8 ] [ 7 ] The term was coined by the naturalist Roswell Hill Johnson [ 9 ] but Joseph Grinnell was probably the first to use it in a research program in ...
Niche construction is the ecological process by which an organism alters its own (or another species') local environment. These alterations can be a physical change to the organism’s environment, or it can encompass the active movement of an organism from one habitat to another where it then experiences different environmental pressures.
Realized niche width is a phrase relating to ecology, is defined by the actual space that an organism inhabits and the resources it can access as a result of limiting pressures from other species (e.g. superior competitors).
Species distribution modelling (SDM), also known as environmental (or ecological) niche modelling (ENM), habitat modelling, predictive habitat distribution modelling, and range mapping [1] uses ecological models to predict the distribution of a species across geographic space and time using environmental data. The environmental data are most ...
A vacant niche or empty niche is an ecological niche in a particular ecosystem that is not occupied by a particular species. The issue of what exactly defines a vacant niche and whether they exist in ecosystems is controversial. The subject is intimately tied into a much broader debate on whether ecosystems can reach equilibrium, where they ...
On the other hand, a species with a highly specialized ecological niche is more effective at competing with other organisms. [ citation needed ] For example, a fish and its parasites are in an evolutionary arms race , a form of coevolution , in which the fish constantly develops defenses against the parasite, while the parasite in turn evolves ...
The results of numerous studies contribute evidence that character displacement often influences the evolution of resource acquisition among members of an ecological guild. [5] Competitive release, defined as the expansion of an ecological niche in the absence of a competitor, is essentially the mirror image of character displacement. [6]
Ontogenetic niche shift (abbreviated ONS) [1] is an ecological phenomenon where an organism (usually an animal) changes its diet or habitat during its ontogeny (development). [2] During the ontogenetic niche shifting an ecological niche of an individual changes its breadth and position. [ 3 ]