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William Mills, a hand grenade designer from Sunderland, patented, developed and manufactured the "Mills bomb" at the Mills Munitions Factory in Birmingham, England, in 1915. [1] The Mills bomb was inspired by an earlier design by Belgian captain Leon Roland, who later engaged in a patent lawsuit. [2] Col.
William Mills was born on 26 April 1856 in Wear Street, Southwick, Sunderland.He was the son of David Mills, a shipbuilder, and his wife Sarah Ann Kirkaldy. [4] [5]The Sunderland historian James Watson Corder recorded that David Mills had an interest in the Sunderland-based Mills shipbuilding firm, however it was run by his brothers George and John.
Mills N°36 rifle grenade, with its gas check disk for use with cup-launcher. By 1915, Hales had developed the No 3, which is commonly known as the Hales rifle grenade. [6] The Hales grenade was improved throughout World War I to make it more reliable and easier to manufacture. However, production of the grenade was slow.
A type of grenade called the 'flying impact thunder crash bomb' (飛擊震天雷) was developed in the late 16th century and first used in September 1, 1592 by the Joseon Dynasty during the Japanese invasions of Korea. [11] The grenade was 20 cm in diameter, weighed 10 kg, and had a cast iron shell. It contained iron pellets, and an adjustable ...
The No. 15 was first widely used in the Battle of Loos. [3] Tacticians envisioned that the No. 15 would be useful in breaching German defenses and trench clearing. [8] The No. 15 was used because production of the No. 5 "Mills bomb" was running seriously behind planned figures, and not enough of them could be supplied before the start of the Loos campaign.
American forces often received either the Mills bomb or the French F1 grenade. [2] When it came time to make a grenade, American designers looked to the F1 grenade for inspiration. [citation needed] In 1917, the Mk 1 grenade was created. However, it became apparent that the Mk 1 grenade was quite difficult to use in the field.
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MD1 began in "Military Intelligence Research" (MIR). MIR was a department of the War Office set up in 1939 under Lt-Col Joe Holland RE.Holland was the General Staff Officer Grade 1 (GSO1) and brought in Jefferis, also a Royal Engineers sapper and explosives expert, with experience in India, as GSO2 to head MIR(c) a division of MIR that was to develop weapons for irregular warfare.