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Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI) is the inability to properly digest food due to a lack or reduction of digestive enzymes made by the pancreas.EPI can occur in humans and is prevalent in many conditions [1] such as cystic fibrosis, [2] Shwachman–Diamond syndrome, [3] different types of pancreatitis, [4] multiple types of diabetes mellitus (Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes), [5] advanced ...
[3] [12] A biopsy of the pancreas is not required for the diagnosis. [3] On imaging, pancreatic and bile duct dilatation, atrophy of the pancreas, multiple calcifications of the pancreas, and enlargement of pancreatic glands can be found. [12] On MRI scan, there is a low T1 signal due to inflammation, fibrosis, focal lesions, and calcifications.
The isthmus (also called the central pancreas) is the region of the gland that runs anterior to the superior mesenteric artery; by convention, it divides the right and left sides of the pancreas. [2] The ventral pancreatic bud forms the pancreatic head and uncinate process. The glands continue to develop but the duct systems anastomose.
A pancreatic cyst is a fluid filled sac within the pancreas. They can be benign or malignant. X-ray computed tomography (CT scan) findings of cysts in the pancreas are common, and often are benign. In a study of 2,832 patients without pancreatic disease, 73 patients (2.6%) had cysts in the pancreas. [3] About 85% of these patients had a single ...
[3] [4] Diagnosis of acute pancreatitis is based on a threefold increase in the blood of either amylase or lipase. [1] In chronic pancreatitis, these tests may be normal. [1] Medical imaging such as ultrasound and CT scan may also be useful. [1] Acute pancreatitis is usually treated with intravenous fluids, pain medication, and sometimes ...
Pancreas divisum has been suggested as a potential contributor of chronic pancreatitis in certain cases. [2] The separate ducts could lead to poor drainage of pancreatic secretions and increased pressure in the dorsal duct, [3] increasing the risk of inflammation and the development of complications. As a result, pancreas divisum is found more ...
The absence of pancreatic body and tail is the usual manifestation of dorsal pancreatic agenesis, the density and morphological features of the pancreatic head should be either normal or slightly enlarged due to compensation of the absent body and tail. [4] Stomach/intestine sign can combine with CT for better diagnosis.
An ectopic pancreas is an anatomical abnormality in which pancreatic tissue has grown outside its normal location and without vascular or other anatomical connections to the pancreas. [2] It is a disease which is congenital [ 2 ] and is also known as heterotopic, accessory, or aberrant pancreas.