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The meristems, where plant cell division occurs, are the usual sites of galls, though insect galls can be found on other parts of the plant, such as the leaves, stalks, branches, buds, roots, and even flowers and fruits. Gall-inducing insects are usually species-specific and sometimes tissue-specific on the plants they gall.
Galls are growth deformities induced in certain plants by various insects which are mostly species-specific. Galls induced by insects can be viewed as an extended phenotype of the inducing insect, and gall-inducing insects specialize on their host plants, often to a greater extent than insects that feed on the same plant without creating galls. [2]
3.8 Triozidae Jumping Plant Lice. 4 Hymenoptera. Toggle Hymenoptera subsection. 4.1 Cynipidae Gall wasps. ... Leaf galls. This is a list of insect galls arranged into ...
Andricus quercuscalifornicus can induce and inhabit the galls of a variety of oak species, but they are primarily found in the galls of the Valley Oak. Due to this, they are usually found in areas such as riparian forests, open foothill woodlands, valley savannas, plant groves, and suburban areas. The wasps typically induce galls on the twigs ...
Cola-nut gall cut open to show the unilocular cavity Oak marble galls showing two stunted and two normal-sized examples. The galls are found in small groups, which however do not coalesce, helping to prevent mis-identification with the oak marble gall (Andricus kollari), in addition the shape is ovoid rather than spherical and it is scaly rather than smooth.
Plant Galls in Colour. Poole: Blandford Press. ISBN 0-7137-0748-8. Hancy, Rex (2000). The Study of Plant Galls in Norfolk. Norfolk & Norwich Naturalists' Society. Redfern, Margaret & Shirley, Peter (2011). British Plant Galls. Identification of Galls on Plants and Fungi. Shrewsbury: FSC Publications. ISBN 978 1 85153 284 1.
Neuroterus numismalis is a gall wasp that forms chemically induced leaf galls on oak trees. It has both bisexual and agamic (parthenogenetic) generations and forms two distinct galls on oak leaves, the silk button gall and blister gall. The galls can be very numerous with more than a thousand per leaf. [1]
The Cecidomyiinae, commonly known as gall midges or gall gnats, is the largest subfamily in Cecidomyiidae with over 600 genera and more than 5000 described species. [1] Larvae of the other ( basal ) cecidomyiid subfamilies feed on fungi; whereas this subfamily is best known for its members that induce galls on plants.