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After the decline of the Zaporozhian Sich and the establishment of Imperial Russian hegemony in Left Bank Ukraine, Ukrainians became more widely known by Russians as "Little Russians", with the majority of Ukrainian élites espousing Little Russian identity and adopting the Russian language (as Ukrainian was outlawed in almost all contexts).
In the 2001 Ukrainian census, 8,334,100 identified themselves as ethnic Russians (17.3% of the population of Ukraine); this is the combined figure for persons originating from outside of Ukraine and the Ukrainian-born population declaring Russian ethnicity.
In an 11–23 December 2015 study by the Razumkov Centre taken in all regions of Ukraine other than Russian-annexed Crimea, and separatist controlled Donetsk, and Luhansk, a majority considered Ukrainian their native language (60%), followed by Russian (15%), while 22% used both languages equally. Two percent had another native language.
The first new waves of Russian settlers onto what is now Ukrainian territory came in the late-16th century to the empty lands of Slobozhanshchyna [7] (in the region of Kharkiv) that Russia had gained from the Tatars, [8] or from the Grand Duchy of Lithuania [citation needed] - although Ukrainian peasants from the Polish-Lithuanian west escaping harsh exploitative conditions outnumbered them.
Genetic studies show that Russians are relatively closest to Poles, Belarusians, Ukrainians and other Slavs as well as Latvians, Estonians and Lithuanians. [ 1 ] The northern group of Russians are closest to the Finnic-speaking peoples.
On the Historical Unity of Russians and Ukrainians [a] is an essay by Russian president Vladimir Putin published in Russian on the Kremlin.ru website 12 July 2021. [1]The essay was published shortly after the end of the first of two buildups of Russian forces preceding the full-scale invasion of Ukraine in February 2022.
The Russian census identified that there were more than 5,864,000 Ukrainians living in Russia in 2015, representing over 4.01% of the total population of the Russian Federation and comprising the eighth-largest ethnic group.
In August 2022, a survey in Ukraine by Rating Group found that 85% said they speak Ukrainian or Ukrainian and Russian at home, 51% only Ukrainian, an increase from 61% and 44% in February 2014. [ 76 ] [ 77 ] In the same survey, 76% considered Ukrainian their native language ( ridna mova ), up from 57% in July 2012, including 30% of Russian ...