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  2. Roman numerals - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_numerals

    Roman numerals are a numeral system that originated in ancient Rome and remained the usual way of writing numbers throughout Europe well into the Late Middle Ages.Numbers are written with combinations of letters from the Latin alphabet, each with a fixed integer value.

  3. Srinivasa Ramanujan - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Srinivasa_Ramanujan

    Srinivasa Ramanujan Aiyangar [a] (22 December 1887 – 26 April 1920) was an Indian mathematician.Often regarded as one of the greatest mathematicians of all time, though he had almost no formal training in pure mathematics, he made substantial contributions to mathematical analysis, number theory, infinite series, and continued fractions, including solutions to mathematical problems then ...

  4. International Mathematical Olympiad - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Mathematical...

    The content ranges from extremely difficult algebra and pre-calculus problems to problems in branches of mathematics not conventionally covered in secondary or high school and often not at university level either, such as projective and complex geometry, functional equations, combinatorics, and well-grounded number theory, of which extensive knowledge of theorems is required.

  5. Ramanujan prime - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramanujan_prime

    For all , the bounds ⁡ < < ⁡ hold. If >, then also < < where p n is the nth prime number.. As n tends to infinity, R n is asymptotic to the 2nth prime, i.e., . R n ~ p 2n (n → ∞).. All these results were proved by Sondow (2009), [3] except for the upper bound R n < p 3n which was conjectured by him and proved by Laishram (2010). [4]

  6. Norm (mathematics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norm_(mathematics)

    In mathematics, a norm is a function from a real or complex vector space to the non-negative real numbers that behaves in certain ways like the distance from the origin: it commutes with scaling, obeys a form of the triangle inequality, and zero is only at the origin.

  7. Number - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Number

    Set inclusions between the natural numbers (ℕ), the integers (ℤ), the rational numbers (ℚ), the real numbers (ℝ), and the complex numbers (ℂ). A number is a mathematical object used to count, measure, and label.

  8. Sigma - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sigma

    The letter Sigma. Sigma (/ ˈ s ɪ ɡ m ə / SIG-mə; [1] uppercase Σ, lowercase σ, lowercase in word-final position ς; Ancient Greek: σίγμα) is the eighteenth letter of the Greek alphabet.

  9. Slovene numerals - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slovene_numerals

    The names for numerals in Slovene are formed in a similar way to that found in other Slavic languages.An exception is the formation of numerals from 21 to 99, in which the unit is placed in front of the decade ("four-and-twenty"), [1] as in German and Dutch.