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Pneumonia believed to be due to bacteria is treated with antibiotics. [11] If the pneumonia is severe, the affected person is generally hospitalized. [20] Oxygen therapy may be used if oxygen levels are low. [11] Each year, pneumonia affects about 450 million people globally (7% of the population) and results in about 4 million deaths.
Many people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease have a low partial pressure of oxygen in the blood and high partial pressure of carbon dioxide.Treatment with supplemental oxygen may improve their well-being; alternatively, in some this can lead to the adverse effect of elevating the carbon dioxide content in the blood (hypercapnia) to levels that may become toxic.
Respiratory failure results from inadequate gas exchange by the respiratory system, meaning that the arterial oxygen, carbon dioxide, or both cannot be kept at normal levels. A drop in the oxygen carried in the blood is known as hypoxemia; a rise in arterial carbon dioxide levels is called hypercapnia. Respiratory failure is classified as ...
Tissue hypoxia refers to low levels of oxygen in the tissues of the body and the term hypoxia is a general term for low levels of oxygen. [2] Hypoxemia is usually caused by pulmonary disease whereas tissue oxygenation requires additionally adequate circulation of blood and perfusion of tissue to meet metabolic demands.
Since pneumonia can take a dangerous turn, it's important to know the earliest signs of it. Dr. Zweig says that, typically, pneumonia starts as a regular viral upper respiratory infection.
Additional common findings in ARDS include partial collapse of the alveoli (atelectasis) and low levels of oxygen in the blood . The clinical syndrome is associated with pathological findings including pneumonia, eosinophilic pneumonia , cryptogenic organizing pneumonia , acute fibrinous organizing pneumonia, and diffuse alveolar damage (DAD) .
In some cases, pulse oximetry may also be required as pneumonia is known to deplete oxygen levels in the blood. [7] Other vitals such as pulse and body temperature are also checked. Depending on the general health, severity of the disease and age of the patient, several other tests may be required, such as: Blood culture; Thoracocentesis [6] A ...
It is the most common bacterial pneumonia found in adults, the most common type of community-acquired pneumonia, and one of the common types of pneumococcal infection. The estimated number of Americans with pneumococcal pneumonia is 900,000 annually, with almost 400,000 cases hospitalized and fatalities accounting for 5-7% of these cases. [2]