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Foot binding (simplified Chinese: 缠足; traditional Chinese: 纏足; pinyin: chánzú), or footbinding, was the Chinese custom of breaking and tightly binding the feet of young girls to change their shape and size. Feet altered by foot binding were known as lotus feet and the shoes made for them were known as lotus shoes.
A comparison between a woman with normal feet (left) and a woman with bound feet in 1902. Foot binding was a custom practiced on young girls and women for approximately one thousand years in China, beginning in the 10th century. In Chinese society, bound feet were considered beautiful and erotic.
Foot binding was practiced among Chinese women from the Song dynasty up until the early 20th century. Women would wrap their feet tightly in order to keep them small, which was characterized as a feminine beauty at the time. [6] In Liu's installation pieces, she repeatedly shows an emotionless woman with her naked feet.
The process of altering one's foot often was urged on young girls and took years to fully finish. The damage to women's feet was irreversible and affected mobility. [7] There was a fair amount of backlash to this tradition by missionaries and Chinese reformists. However, women continued to wear lotus shoes until around the 1950s. [3]
Female Chinese beauty standards have become a well-known feature of Chinese culture. A 2018 survey conducted by the Great British Academy of Aesthetic Medicine concluded that Chinese beauty culture prioritizes an oval face shape, pointed, narrow chin, plump lips, well defined Cupid's bows , and obtuse jaw angle. [ 1 ]
Chang Ch'ung-ho or Zhang Chonghe (1914–2015), Chinese-American poet, painter, calligrapher; Georgette Chen (1906-1993), Chinese-Singaporean modern art painter; Chen Jin (1907-1998), first Taiwanese painter to achieve national recognition; Chen Ke (born 1978), painter; Movana Chen (born 1975), paper knitting artist
Chinese girl names for babies. Popular Chinese baby girl names in 2024 according to LingoAce.com, a language learning site that also tracks baby names: Aihan. Beihe. Beiye. Caiji. Chanchan ...
The Shanghai pedicure is deeply rooted in Chinese heritage and traditional Chinese medicine. Although its name suggests an origin in Shanghai, this pedicure style was not originally practiced by the Shanghainese. During the city's peak as the "Paris of the East" in the 1920s and 1930s, many locals considered pedicures beneath them.