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The purple gallinule (Porphyrio martinica) is a swamphen in the genus Porphyrio. It is in the order Gruiformes, meaning "crane-like", an order which also contains cranes, rails, and crakes. The purple gallinule is a rail species, placing it into the family Rallidae. It is also known locally as the yellow-legged gallinule.
Some species have long necks and in many cases are laterally compressed. [4] The bill is the most variable feature within the family. In some species, it is longer than the head (like the clapper rail of the Americas); in others, it may be short and wide (as in the coots), or massive (as in the purple gallinules). [5]
Purple gallinule is an alternative name for two species of birds in the rail family. It can refer to: Purple swamphen, a group of closely related species of swamphen of the Old World; American purple gallinule, Porphyrio martinicus of the New World
The icterids are a group of small to medium-sized, often colorful passerine birds restricted to the New World and include the grackles, New World blackbirds, and New World orioles. Most species have black as a predominant plumage color, often enlivened by yellow, orange, or red. Eleven species have been recorded in New Hampshire.
The purple swamphen has been split into the following species: [1] [2] [3] Western swamphen , Porphyrio porphyrio , southwest Europe and northwest Africa African swamphen , Porphyrio madagascariensis , sub-Saharan continental Africa and Madagascar
It includes some smaller species of gallinules which are sometimes separated as genus Porphyrula or united with the gallinules proper (or "moorhens") in Gallinula. The Porphyrio gallinules are distributed in the warmer regions of the world. The group probably originated in Africa in the Middle Miocene, before spreading across the world in waves ...
The taxonomic treatment [3] (designation and sequence of orders, families and species) and nomenclature (common and scientific names) used in the accompanying bird lists adheres to the conventions of the AOS's (2019) Check-list of North American Birds, the recognized scientific authority on the taxonomy and nomenclature of North America birds.
In general they are shy and secretive birds, making them difficult to observe. Most species have strong legs and long toes which are well adapted to soft uneven surfaces. They tend to have short, rounded wings and are weak fliers. Purple gallinule, Porphyrio martinica; Sora, Porzana carolina; Common gallinule, Gallinula galeata