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AA amyloidosis is a form of amyloidosis, a disease characterized by the abnormal deposition of fibers of insoluble protein in the extracellular space of various tissues and organs. In AA amyloidosis, the deposited protein is serum amyloid A protein (SAA), an acute-phase protein which is normally soluble and whose plasma concentration is highest ...
AL amyloidosis occurs in about 3–13 per million people per year and AA amyloidosis in about two per million people per year. [2] The usual age of onset of these two types is 55 to 60 years old. [2] Without treatment, life expectancy is between six months and four years. [2]
CAA is associated with brain hemorrhages, particularly microhemorrhages.The accumulation of amyloid beta peptide deposits in the blood vessel walls results in damage of the blood vessels and hindrance of normal blood flow, making blood vessels more prone to bleeding [10] Since CAA can be caused by the same amyloid protein that is associated with Alzheimer's dementia, brain bleeds [11] are more ...
Acute-phase serum amyloid A proteins (A-SAAs) are secreted during the acute phase of inflammation.These proteins have several roles, including the transport of cholesterol to the liver for secretion into the bile, the recruitment of immune cells to inflammatory sites, and the induction of enzymes that degrade extracellular matrix.
AL amyloidosis is a rare disease; only 1200 to 3200 new cases are reported each year in the United States, and between 500 and 600 in the UK. Two thirds of patients with AL amyloidosis are male and less than 5% of patients are under 40 years of age. [6] [19] [9]
To date, 37 human proteins have been found to form amyloid in pathology and be associated with well-defined diseases. [2] The International Society of Amyloidosis classifies amyloid fibrils and their associated diseases based upon associated proteins (for example ATTR is the group of diseases and associated fibrils formed by TTR). [3]
Haemodialysis-associated amyloidosis is a form of systemic amyloidosis associated with chronic kidney failure. [1] Amyloidosis is the accumulation of misfolded protein fibers in the body that can be associated with many chronic illnesses.
LECT2 Amyloidosis (ALECT2) is a form of amyloidosis caused by the LECT2 protein. It was found to be the third most common (~3% of total) cause of amyloidosis in a set of more than 4,000 individuals studied at the Mayo Clinic ; the first and second most common forms the disorder were AL amyloidosis and AA amyloidosis , respectively.