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πάθος: passion or emotion, often excessive and based on false judgements. phantasiai φαντασία: impression, appearance, the way in which something is perceived. phronesis φρόνησις: prudence, practical virtue and practical wisdom, or, colloquially, sense (as in "good sense", "horse sense"). physis φύσις: nature. pneuma
The verb form goes as far back as Homer, translated literally as affection, as in "greet with affection" and "show affection for the dead". [2] Other ancient authors have used forms of the word to denote love of a spouse or family, or affection for a particular activity, in contrast to eros (an affection of a sexual nature).
The seventeenth century Dutch philosopher Spinoza contrasted "action" with "passion," as well as the state of being "active" with the state of being "passive."A passion, in his view, happens when external events affect us partially such that we have confused ideas about these events and their causes.
Passion and desire go hand in hand, especially as a motivation. Linstead & Brewis refer to Merriam-Webster to say that passion is an "intense, driving, or overmastering feeling or conviction". This suggests that passion is a very intense emotion, but can be positive or negative. Negatively, it may be unpleasant at times.
In Stoic philosophy, apatheia (Ancient Greek: ἀπάθεια; from a- 'without' and pathos 'suffering, passion') refers to a state of mind in which one is not disturbed by the passions. It might better be translated by the word equanimity than the word indifference.
A passion is a disturbing and misleading force in the mind which occurs because of a failure to reason correctly. [2] For the Stoic Chrysippus the passions are evaluative judgements. [ 4 ] A person experiencing such an emotion has incorrectly valued an indifferent thing. [ 5 ]
In psychology, grit is a positive, non-cognitive trait based on a person's perseverance of effort combined with their passion for a particular long-term goal or end state (a powerful motivation to achieve an objective). This perseverance of effort helps people overcome obstacles or challenges to accomplishment and drives people to achieve.
The verb form of the word "agape" goes as far back as Homer. In a Christian context, agape means "love: esp. unconditional love, charity; the love of God for person and of person for God". [3] Agape is also used to refer to a love feast. [4] The christian priest and philosopher Thomas Aquinas describe agape as "to will the good of another". [5]