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The series = + = + + is known as the alternating harmonic series. It is conditionally convergent by the alternating series test , but not absolutely convergent . Its sum is the natural logarithm of 2 .
The geometric series 1 / 2 − 1 / 4 + 1 / 8 − 1 / 16 + ⋯ sums to 1 / 3 .. The alternating harmonic series has a finite sum but the harmonic series does not.
An infinite series of any rational function of can be reduced to a finite series of polygamma functions, by use of partial fraction decomposition, [8] as explained here. This fact can also be applied to finite series of rational functions, allowing the result to be computed in constant time even when the series contains a large number of terms.
A particular case of Dirichlet's test is the more commonly used alternating series test for the case [2] [5] = | = | Another corollary is that ∑ n = 1 ∞ a n sin n {\textstyle \sum _{n=1}^{\infty }a_{n}\sin n} converges whenever ( a n ) {\displaystyle (a_{n})} is a decreasing sequence that tends to zero.
Suppose now that, more generally, a rearranged series of the alternating harmonic series is organized in such a way that the ratio p n /q n between the number of positive and negative terms in the partial sum of order n tends to a positive limit r. Then, the sum of such a rearrangement will be (),
For instance, rearranging the terms of the alternating harmonic series so that each positive term of the original series is followed by two negative terms of the original series rather than just one yields [34] + + + = + + + = + + + = (+ + +), which is times the original series, so it would have a sum of half of the natural logarithm of 2. By ...
In mathematical analysis, the alternating series test is the method used to show that an alternating series is convergent when its terms (1) decrease in absolute value, and (2) approach zero in the limit.
The formula is a special case of the Euler–Boole summation formula for alternating series, providing yet another example of a convergence acceleration technique that can be applied to the Leibniz series. In 1992, Jonathan Borwein and Mark Limber used the first thousand Euler numbers to calculate π to 5,263 decimal places with the Leibniz ...