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The rates of fat embolism in long bone fractures vary from 1% to 30%. The mortality rate of fat-embolism syndrome is approximately 10–20%. [ 7 ] However, fat globules have been detected in 67% of those with orthopaedic trauma and can reach as high as 95% if the blood is sampled near the fracture site.
Fat embolism usually occurs when endogenous (from sources within the organism) fat tissue escapes into the blood circulation. The usual cause of fat embolism is therefore the fracture of tubular bones (such as the femur ), which will lead to the leakage of fat tissue within the bone marrow into ruptured vessels.
a history of long-term intravenous therapy [1] (for air embolism) Bone fracture (for fat embolism) [4] A septal defect of the heart makes it possible for paradoxical embolization, which happens when a clot in a vein enters the right side of the heart and passes through a hole into the left side. The clot can then move to an artery and cause ...
Dysbaric osteonecrosis or DON is a form of avascular necrosis where there is death of a portion of the bone that is thought to be caused by nitrogen (N 2) embolism (blockage of the blood vessels by a bubble of nitrogen coming out of solution) in divers. [1] Although the definitive pathologic process is poorly understood, there are several ...
A bone fracture (abbreviated FRX or Fx, F x, or #) is a medical condition in which there is a partial or complete break in the continuity of any bone in the body. In more severe cases, the bone may be broken into several fragments, known as a comminuted fracture. [1]
An open fracture, also called a compound fracture, is a type of bone fracture (broken bone) that has an open wound in the skin near the fractured bone. The skin wound is usually caused by the bone breaking through the surface of the skin. An open fracture can be life threatening or limb-threatening (person may be at risk of losing a limb) due ...
[26] [26] Examples include a severe crush injury or an open or closed fracture of an extremity. [26] Rarely, ACS can develop after a minor injury or another medical issue. [12] It can also affect the thigh, buttock, hand, abdomen, and foot. [19] [14] The most common cause of acute compartment syndrome is a fractured bone, usually the tibia.
Tibia shaft fracture is a fracture of the proximal (upper) third of the tibia (lower leg bone). Due to the location of the tibia on the shin, it is the most commonly fractured long bone in the body. Due to the location of the tibia on the shin, it is the most commonly fractured long bone in the body.