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Between the two unstable regimes mentioned in the previous section, and influenced by all the factors described above that contribute to balance (trail, mass distribution, gyroscopic effects, etc.), there may be a range of forward speeds for a given bike design at which these effects steer an uncontrolled bike upright. [2]
Most bikes have positive trail, though a few, such as the two-mass-skate bicycle and the Python Lowracer, have negative trail. [ 12 ] Trail is often cited as an important determinant of bicycle handling characteristics, [ 13 ] [ 14 ] and is sometimes listed in bicycle manufacturers' geometry data.
From a mechanical viewpoint, up to 99% of the mechanical energy delivered by the rider into the pedals is transmitted to the wheels (clean, lubricated new chain at 400 W), although the use of gearing mechanisms reduces this by 1–7% (clean, well-lubricated derailleurs and a straight chainline), 4–12% (chain with 3-speed hubs), or 10–20% (shaft drive with 3-speed hubs).
The track stand [1] or standstill [2] is a technique that bicycle riders can use to maintain balance while their bicycle remains stationary or moves only minimal distances. The technique originated in track cycling and is now used by other types of cyclists wishing to stop for a short time without putting a foot on the ground, such as bike ...
Training wheels that prevent the bike from leaning also prevent countersteering, so that, as with a tricycle, children learn to turn the handlebars the wrong way, which must be unlearned later. [7] Limited balance development: Training wheels, while offering initial stability, inhibit the development of essential balance and coordination skills.
Portage strap: a strap (usually made of leather) attached to the inside of the bike frame, designed to make carrying the bike over one's shoulder easier; Pulley wheel: see Jockey wheel; Power meter: a device on a bicycle that measures the power output of the rider; Quick release: a skewer with a lever on one end that loosens when the lever is ...
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In simpler terms, LoS represents the maximum distance an individual can intentionally sway in any direction without losing balance or needing to take a step. [2] The typical range of stable swaying is approximately 12.5° in the front-back (antero-posterior) direction and 16° in the side-to-side (medio-lateral) direction. [3]