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exact dihedral angle (radians) dihedral angle – exact in bold, else approximate (degrees) Platonic solids (regular convex) Tetrahedron {3,3} (3.3.3) arccos ( 1 / 3 ) 70.529° Hexahedron or Cube {4,3} (4.4.4) arccos (0) = π / 2 90° Octahedron {3,4} (3.3.3.3) arccos (- 1 / 3 ) 109.471° Dodecahedron {5,3} (5.5.5) arccos ...
In physics, the cross section is a measure of the probability that a specific process will take place in a collision of two particles. For example, the Rutherford cross-section is a measure of probability that an alpha particle will be deflected by a given angle during an interaction with an atomic nucleus.
If a plane intersects a solid (a 3-dimensional object), then the region common to the plane and the solid is called a cross-section of the solid. [1] A plane containing a cross-section of the solid may be referred to as a cutting plane. The shape of the cross-section of a solid may depend upon the orientation of the cutting plane to the solid.
A central cross section of a regular tetrahedron is a square. The two skew perpendicular opposite edges of a regular tetrahedron define a set of parallel planes. When one of these planes intersects the tetrahedron the resulting cross section is a rectangle. [11] When the intersecting plane is near one of the edges the rectangle is long and skinny.
If only thirteen polyhedra are to be listed, the definition must use global symmetries of the polyhedron rather than local neighborhoods. In the aftermath, the elongated square gyrobicupola was withdrawn from the Archimedean solids and included into the Johnson solid instead, a convex polyhedron in which all of the faces are regular polygons.
The rhombic dodecahedron forms the maximal cross-section of a 24-cell, and also forms the hull of its vertex-first parallel projection into three dimensions. The rhombic dodecahedron can be decomposed into six congruent (but non-regular) square dipyramids meeting at a single vertex in the center; these form the images of six pairs of the 24 ...
This fact can be used to calculate the dihedral angles themselves for a regular or edge-symmetric ideal polyhedron (in which all these angles are equal), by counting how many edges meet at each vertex: an ideal regular tetrahedron, cube or dodecahedron, with three edges per vertex, has dihedral angles = / = (), an ideal regular octahedron or ...
Several nonconvex uniform polyhedra, including the tetrahemihexahedron, cubohemioctahedron, octahemioctahedron, small rhombihexahedron, small icosihemidodecahedron, and small dodecahemidodecahedron, have antiparallelograms as their vertex figures, the cross-sections formed by slicing the polyhedron by a plane that passes near a vertex, perpendicularly to the axis between the vertex and the center.