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California aquifers, excerpted from map in Ground Water Atlas of the United States (USGS, 2000): Lavender is "other" for "rocks that generally yield less than 10 gal/min to wells"; dark green-blue (3) are the California coastal basin aquifers, bright-turquoise blue (7) is the Central Valley aquifer system, flat cobalt-blue (1) down south is Basin and Range aquifers
The Groundwater Ambient Monitoring and Assessment Program (GAMA) is an all-inclusive monitoring program for groundwater that was implemented in 2000 in California, United States. It was created by the California State Water Resources Control Board as an improvement from groundwater programs that were already in place.
While the volume of groundwater in California is very large, aquifers can be over drafted when groundwater is removed more rapidly than it is replenished. In 1999, it was estimated that the average, annual overdrafting was around 2,200,000 acre-feet (2.7 km 3 ) across the state, with 800,000 acre-feet (0.99 km 3 ) in the Central Valley.
Scientists using seismic data tracked groundwater levels beneath the L.A. area. They found heavy rains in 2023 boosted shallow waters, but deep aquifers remain depleted.
California's groundwater levels rose significantly in 2023, one of the wettest years in decades. State officials say efforts to replenish aquifers helped.
Groundwater depletion is worsening in many of the world's farming regions. But a global study also found that some efforts are helping to boost aquifers.
Groundwater use and pumping in the area was the major water use for farmers and agriculture in the 1920s, and over time, this over-pumping resulted in land subsidence and a decline in groundwater-level resources. In time, this resulted in major land subsidence by the 1970s with local areas having 0.30 to 8.5 m (1 to 28 ft) of subsidence.
In a new study, scientists begin to map underground channels that are optimal areas for recharging California's groundwater in the Central Valley.