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12-pounder Whitworth rifled cannon M1841 howitzer In the left of this picture U.S. Grant can be seen firing a mountain howitzer. The twelve-pound cannon is a cannon that fires twelve-pound projectiles from its barrel, as well as grapeshot, chain shot, shrapnel, and later shells and canister shot. [1]
In the period before the Civil War, a U.S. Army light artillery battery was organized with four M1841 6-pounder field guns and two M1841 12-pounder howitzers. [1] The field gun fired solid iron cannon balls in a flat trajectory to smash its targets [2] while the howitzer was designed to lob hollow shells into massed formations or fortifications. [3]
12-pounder gun or 12-pdr, usually denotes a gun which fired a projectile of approximately 12 pounds. Guns of this type include: 12-pounder long gun, the naval muzzle-loader of the Age of Sail; Canon de 12 de Vallière, French cannon of 1732; Canon de 12 Gribeauval, French field cannon of the mid-late 18th century
In early 1863, the 12-pounder howitzer was still one of the primary artillery pieces in the Confederate Army of Tennessee, but was being out-performed by more modern artillery. As of March 1863, the Army of Tennessee had 123 cannon, of which 40 were 12-pounder howitzers and another forty were obsolete 6-pounder guns.
A small quantity of 12-pounder field guns were rifled early in the war, but these were more experimental weapons, and no field service is recorded. [20] By far the most popular of the smoothbore cannon was the 12-pounder model of 1857, Light, commonly called "Napoleon".
The GAU-12 is about the same size as the 20 mm M61. GE has also developed the GAU-13/A , a four-barreled weapon using GAU-8/A components, which has been tested in podded form as the GPU-5/A . The Avenger also forms the basis for the Dutch-developed Goalkeeper CIWS naval air-defense gun.
The Canon de 12 Gribeauval or 12-pounder was a French cannon and part of the system developed by Jean Baptiste Vaquette de Gribeauval.There were 1.079 English pounds in the Old French pound (French: livre), making the weight of shot nearly 13 English pounds.
The 12-pdr rifle was designed in the early 1850s by British manufacturer Joseph Whitworth, who had recently been contracted to improve the Pattern 1853 Enfield.During his experiments with the Enfield, Whitworth was inspired to begin experimenting with a hexagonally-rifled barrel; Whitworth would later apply these principles to his field guns.