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The decision whether to construct a tunnel using a TBM or using a drill and blast method includes a number of factors. Tunnel length is a key issue that needs to be addressed because large TBMs for a rock tunnel have a high capital cost, but because they are usually quicker than a drill and blast tunnel the price per metre of tunnel is lower. [2]
When its construction was completed in 1978, Bagger 288 superseded Big Muskie as the heaviest land vehicle in the world, at 13,500 tons. [3] It took five years to design and manufacture and five years to assemble, with total cost reaching $100 million. [4] In 1995, it was itself superseded by the slightly heavier Bagger 293 (14,200 tons).
Excavation may be classified by type of material: [1]: 13.1 Topsoil excavation; Earth excavation; Rock excavation; Muck excavation – this usually contains excess water and unsuitable soil; Unclassified excavation – this is any combination of material types; Excavation may be classified by the purpose: [1]: 13.1, 13.2
Tunnel Construction. Tunnels are dug in types of materials varying from soft clay to hard rock. The method of tunnel construction depends on such factors as the ground conditions, the ground water conditions, the length and diameter of the tunnel drive, the depth of the tunnel, the logistics of supporting the tunnel excavation, the final use and shape of the tunnel and appropriate risk management.
Principle of rope-shovel operation. [1]A power shovel, also known as a motor shovel, stripping shovel, front shovel, mining shovel or rope shovel, [2] is a bucket-equipped machine usually powered by steam, diesel fuel, gasoline or electricity and used for digging and loading earth or fragmented rock and for mineral extraction. [3]
Construction bidding is the process of submitting a proposal to undertake, or manage the undertaking of a construction project. The process starts with a cost estimate from blueprints and material take offs .
Hydro excavation, a type of suction excavator using high-pressure water jets, is sometimes referred to as daylighting, as the underground utilities are exposed to daylight during the process. [2] Some suction excavators also use an air filter .
After WWI, demand for excavators increased and in 1924 they reached an agreement to build Marion draglines from 1 to 8 cubic yards capacity. In 1927, they built Type-7 1-yard and Type-460 1.5-yard models. The deal to build Marion machines ended in 1936. R&R began building their own designs with the Type-4120 followed by the 4140 of 3.5 cubic yards.