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Psittacine beak and feather disease was first described in the early 1980s and has become recognised as the dominant viral pathogen of psittacine birds worldwide. In wild red-rumped grass parakeets (Psephotus haematonotus), a case of feather loss syndrome that was highly suggestive of PBFD was first recorded in South Australia in 1907. [2]
Psittacosis—also known as parrot fever, and ornithosis—is a zoonotic infectious disease in humans caused by a bacterium called Chlamydia psittaci and contracted from infected parrots, such as macaws, cockatiels, and budgerigars, and from pigeons, sparrows, ducks, hens, gulls and many other species of birds.
The virus Psittacid alphaherpesvirus 1 is the etiologic agent that causes Pacheco's disease. This virus species is closely related to Gallid alphaherpesvirus 1. [2] It was initially identified as a herpesvirus by examining its virion size, sensitivity to ether, the formation of intranuclear inclusions, its ability to thicken the nuclear membranes of the host cells.
Bird fancier's lung (BFL), also known as bird breeder's lung, is a type of hypersensitivity pneumonitis. It can cause shortness of breath , fever , dry cough , chest pain , anorexia and weight loss , fatigue , and progressive pulmonary fibrosis (the most serious complication).
Cyathus striatus, commonly known as the fluted bird's nest, [5] [6] is a common saprobic bird's nest fungus with a widespread distribution throughout temperate regions of the world. This fungus resembles a miniature bird's nest with numerous tiny "eggs"; the eggs, or peridioles , are actually lens-shaped bodies that contain spores .
Airsacculitis, [1] [2] also known as air sacculitis, [3] aerosacculitis, [4] air sac disease, [5] air sac infection, air sac syndrome and simply sac disease, [6] is a common inflammatory condition of air sacs that occurs in birds [5] [7] and is caused by various microbial (mostly bacterial) taxa. [7]
Signs of reproductive disease (Egg Drop Syndrome) include low egg production/hatching and the laying of abnormal eggs (size, shape, colour, texture). Adenovirus infection may infect other organs, causing splenitis , inclusion body hepatitis , bronchitis , pulmonary congestion ventriculitis , pancreatitis , or oedema , depending on the species ...
An infected bird may exhibit several signs, including respiratory signs (gasping, coughing), nervous signs (depression, inappetence, muscular tremors, drooping wings, twisting of head and neck, circling, complete paralysis), swelling of the tissues around the eyes and neck, greenish, watery diarrhoea, misshapen, rough- or thin-shelled eggs and ...