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A patch test relies on the principle of a type IV hypersensitivity reaction.. The first step in becoming allergic is sensitization. When skin is exposed to an allergen, the antigen-presenting cells (APCs) – also known as Langerhans cell or Dermal Dendritic Cell – phagocytize the substance, break it down to smaller components and present them on their surface bound major histocompatibility ...
Aquagenic urticaria, also known as water allergy and water urticaria, is a form of physical urticaria in which hives develop on the skin after contact with water, regardless of its temperature. [1] The condition typically results from contact with water of any type, temperature or additive.
A person receiving a skin allergy test. A microscopic amount of an allergen is introduced to a patient's skin by various means: [1] Skin prick test: pricking the skin with a needle or pin containing a small amount of the allergen. [2] Skin scratch test: a deep dermic scratch is performed with help of the blunt bottom of a lancet. [3]
Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) is accepted to be the most prevalent form of immunotoxicity found in humans, and is a common occupational and environmental health problem. [17] By its allergic nature, this form of contact dermatitis is a hypersensitive reaction that is atypical within the population.
Hives, also known as urticaria, is a kind of skin rash with red and/or flesh-colored, raised, itchy bumps. [1] Hives may burn or sting. [2] The patches of rash may appear on different body parts, [2] with variable duration from minutes to days, and do not leave any long-lasting skin change. [2]
The condition manifests as an allergic-like reaction, causing a warm red wheal to appear on the skin. As it is often the result of scratches, involving contact with other materials, it can be confused with an allergic reaction, when in fact it is the act of being scratched that causes a wheal to appear.
Name Possible reaction(s) Remarks Balsam of Peru: Redness, swelling, itching, allergic contact dermatitis reactions, stomatitis (inflammation and soreness of the mouth or tongue), cheilitis (inflammation, rash, or painful erosion of the lips, oropharyngeal mucosa, or angles of their mouth), pruritus, hand eczema, generalized or resistant plantar dermatitis, rhinitis, conjunctivitis, and blisters.
Nickel is both naturally abundant – it is the fifth most common element on earth – and widely used in industry and commercial goods. [2] Workplace nickel exposure is common in many industries, and the performance of normal work tasks can result in nickel skin levels sufficient to elicit dermatitis. [2]