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  2. Bystander effect - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bystander_effect

    The bystander effect, or bystander apathy, is a social psychological theory that states that individuals are less likely to offer help to a victim in the presence of other people. The theory was first proposed in 1964 after the murder of Kitty Genovese , in which a newspaper had reported (albeit erroneously) that 38 bystanders saw or heard the ...

  3. Karen Ann Quinlan - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karen_Ann_Quinlan

    Quinlan's case continues to raise important questions in moral theology, bioethics, euthanasia, legal guardianship and civil rights. Her case has affected the practice of medicine and law around the world. A significant outcome of her case was the development of formal ethics committees in hospitals, nursing homes and hospices. [1]

  4. Murder of Kitty Genovese - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murder_of_Kitty_Genovese

    The incident prompted inquiries into what became known as the bystander effect, or "Genovese syndrome", [6] and the murder became a staple of U.S. psychology textbooks for the next four decades. Researchers have since uncovered major inaccuracies in the Times article, and police interviews revealed that some witnesses had attempted to contact ...

  5. Diffusion of responsibility - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diffusion_of_responsibility

    The bystander effect [22] is a specific type of diffusion of responsibility—when people's responses to certain situations depend on the presence of others. The bystander effect occurs when multiple individuals are watching a situation unfold but do not intervene (or delay or hesitate to intervene) because they know that someone else could ...

  6. Harold Takooshian - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harold_Takooshian

    bystander effect studies Harold Takooshian (born 1949) is an American psychologist , scholar, and professor at Fordham University . He is best known as an expert on the Kitty Genovese murder case, having spent many years studying the subject and the role that the " bystander effect " played therein.

  7. List of medical ethics cases - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_medical_ethics_cases

    Sun Hudson case: United States Texas 2004 An infant is removed from life support against his mother's wishes. Baby K: United States Virginia: 1992 The mother of an anencephalic baby wishes to keep the child on life support perpetually. Jesse Koochin: United States Salt Lake City: 2004 Parents wish to keep a child on life support. Spiro ...

  8. R v Adams (1957) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R_v_Adams_(1957)

    R v Adams [1957] is an English case that established the principle of double effect applicable to doctors: that if a doctor "gave treatment to a seriously ill patient with the aim of relieving pain or distress, as a result of which that person's life was inadvertently shortened, the doctor was not guilty of murder" where a restoration to health is no longer possible.

  9. Nursing ethics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nursing_ethics

    Although much of nursing ethics can appear similar to medical ethics, there are some factors that differentiate it. Breier-Mackie [5] suggests that nurses' focus on care and nurture, rather than cure of illness, results in a distinctive ethics. Furthermore, nursing ethics emphasizes the ethics of everyday practice rather than moral dilemmas. [2]