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Dermatomyositis is an autoimmune disorder featuring both humoral and T-cell autoimmune processes. [3] Dermatomyositis may develop as a paraneoplastic syndrome associated with several forms of malignancy. [4] It is known to be associated with several viruses, especially coxsackievirus, but no definitive causal link has been found. [3]
It can also be associated with underlying cancer. The main classes of idiopathic inflammatory myopathy are polymyositis (PM), dermatomyositis (DM) (including juvenile, amyopathic, and sine-dermatitis form), inclusion-body myositis (IBM), immune-mediated necrotising myopathy (IMNM), and focal autoimmune myositis. [1]
Being female is the single greatest risk factor for developing autoimmune disease than any other genetic or environmental risk factor yet discovered. [ 23 ] [ 24 ] Autoimmune conditions overrepresented in women include: lupus , primary biliary cholangitis , Graves' disease , Hashimoto's thyroiditis , and multiple sclerosis , among many others.
Juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM) is an idiopathic inflammatory myopathy (IMM) of presumed autoimmune dysfunction resulting in muscle weakness among other complications. It manifests itself in children; it is the pediatric counterpart of dermatomyositis .
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Gottron's sign is a pathognomonic cutaneous manifestation associated with dermatomyositis (DM), which is an inflammatory disorder affecting the skin and muscles. [1] The primary lesion of dermatomyositis appears as a violaceous, macular erythema with a symmetric distribution, which may progress and become poikilodermatous (atrophic with telangiectasia and pigmentary changes) and indurated (as ...
The three main types of idiopathic myositis (known as inflammatory myopathies) that typically test positive for autoantibodies are dermatomyositis, polymyositis, and inclusion body myositis. [4] Other autoimmune diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosus , can also cause myositis-like symptoms.
For example, a risk of 9 out of 10 will usually be considered as "high risk", but a risk of 7 out of 10 can be considered either "high risk" or "medium risk" depending on context. The definition of the intervals is on right open-ended intervals but can be equivalently defined using left open-ended intervals ( τ j − 1 , τ j ] {\displaystyle ...