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Aluminium phosphate dihydrate (variscite and meta-variscite) has a structure that can be regarded as an assembly of tetra- and octahedral units of phosphate anions, aluminium cations and water. Al 3+ ions are 6-coordinate and PO 4 3-ions are 4-coordinate. [3] A synthetic hydrated form, AlPO 4 ·1.5H 2 O is also known. [15]
Branched polyphosphoric acids give similarly branched polyphosphate anions. The simplest example of this is triphosphono phosphate [OP(OPO 3) 3] 9− and its partially dissociated versions. The general formula for such (non-cyclic) polyphosphate anions, linear or branched, is [H n+2−k P n O 3n+1] k−, where the charge k may vary from 1 to n + 2.
LAGP crystals belong to the space group D 6 3d - R3c. [8] [11] The factor group analysis of NASICON-type materials with general formula M I M 2 IV PO 4 (where M I stands for a monovalent metal ion like Na +, Li + or K +, and M IV represents a tetravalent cation such as Ti 4+, Ge 4+, Sn 4+, Zr 4+ or Hf 4+) is usually performed assuming the separation between internal vibrational modes (i.e ...
But when the inducing charge is moved away, the charge is released and spreads throughout the electroscope terminal to the leaves, so the gold leaves move apart again. The sign of the charge left on the electroscope after grounding is always opposite in sign to the external inducing charge. [5] The two rules of induction are: [5] [6]
Berlinite (aluminium phosphate, chemical formula AlPO 4 or Al(PO 4)) is a rare high-temperature hydrothermal or metasomatic phosphate mineral. [5] It has the same crystal structure as quartz with a low temperature polytype isostructural with α–quartz and a high temperature polytype isostructural with β–quartz. [3]
The Cram's rule of asymmetric induction named after Donald J. Cram states In certain non-catalytic reactions that diastereomer will predominate, which could be formed by the approach of the entering group from the least hindered side when the rotational conformation of the C-C bond is such that the double bond is flanked by the two least bulky groups attached to the adjacent asymmetric center. [3]
Aluminium's electropositive behavior, high affinity for oxygen, and highly negative standard electrode potential are all more similar to those of scandium, yttrium, lanthanum, and actinium, which have ds 2 configurations of three valence electrons outside a noble gas core: aluminium is the most electropositive metal in its group. [1] Aluminium ...
where M is the molar mass of the substance (usually given in SI units of grams per mole) and v is the valency of the ions. For Faraday's first law, M, F, v are constants; thus, the larger the value of Q, the larger m will be.