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Berlinite (aluminium phosphate, chemical formula AlPO 4 or Al(PO 4)) is a rare high-temperature hydrothermal or metasomatic phosphate mineral. [5] It has the same crystal structure as quartz with a low temperature polytype isostructural with α–quartz and a high temperature polytype isostructural with β–quartz. [3]
Aluminium phosphate dihydrate (variscite and meta-variscite) has a structure that can be regarded as an assembly of tetra- and octahedral units of phosphate anions, aluminium cations and water. Al 3+ ions are 6-coordinate and PO 4 3-ions are 4-coordinate. [3] A synthetic hydrated form, AlPO 4 ·1.5H 2 O is also known. [15]
The inductive effect can be used to determine the stability of a molecule depending on the charge present on the atom and the groups bonded to the atom. For example, if an atom has a positive charge and is attached to a -I group its charge becomes 'amplified' and the molecule
In chemistry, a phosphate is an anion, salt, functional group or ester derived from a phosphoric acid. It most commonly means orthophosphate, a derivative of orthophosphoric acid, a.k.a. phosphoric acid H 3 PO 4. The phosphate or orthophosphate ion [PO 4] 3− is derived from phosphoric acid by the removal of three protons H +.
Branched polyphosphoric acids give similarly branched polyphosphate anions. The simplest example of this is triphosphono phosphate [OP(OPO 3) 3] 9− and its partially dissociated versions. The general formula for such (non-cyclic) polyphosphate anions, linear or branched, is [H n+2−k P n O 3n+1] k−, where the charge k may vary from 1 to n + 2.
These solids are polymeric, featuring P-O-M linkages. When the metal cation has a charge of 2+ or 3+, the salts are generally insoluble, hence they exist as common minerals. Many phosphate salts are derived from hydrogen phosphate (HPO 4 2−). PCl 5 and PF 5 are common compounds. PF 5 is a colourless gas and the molecules have trigonal ...
Sodium aluminium phosphate (SAlP) describes the inorganic compounds consisting of sodium salts of aluminium phosphates. The most common SAlP has the formulas NaH 14 Al 3 (PO 4) 8 ·4H 2 O and Na 3 H 15 Al 2 (PO 4) 8. [1] These materials are prepared by combining alumina, phosphoric acid, and sodium hydroxide. [2]
Aluminium's electropositive behavior, high affinity for oxygen, and highly negative standard electrode potential are all more similar to those of scandium, yttrium, lanthanum, and actinium, which have ds 2 configurations of three valence electrons outside a noble gas core: aluminium is the most electropositive metal in its group. [1] Aluminium ...