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In children, hemoptysis is commonly caused by the presence of a foreign body in the airway. Other common causes include lung cancers and tuberculosis. Less common causes include aspergilloma, bronchiectasis, coccidioidomycosis, pulmonary embolism, pneumonic plague, and cystic fibrosis.
Ninety percent of nosebleeds (epistaxis) occur in Kiesselbach's plexus, whereas five to ten percent originate from Woodruff's plexus. [3] It is exposed to the drying effect of inhaled air. [3] It can also be damaged by trauma from a finger nail (nose picking), as it is fragile. [3] [4] It is the usual site for nosebleeds in children and young ...
A nosebleed, also known as epistaxis, is an instance of bleeding from the nose. [1] Blood can flow down into the stomach, and cause nausea and vomiting. [8] In more severe cases, blood may come out of both nostrils. [9] Rarely, bleeding may be so significant that low blood pressure occurs. [1]
A nasal septum perforation is a medical condition in which the nasal septum, the bony/cartilaginous wall dividing the nasal cavities, develops a hole or fissure. [1]This may be brought on directly, as in the case of nasal piercings, or indirectly, as by long-term topical drug application, including nasal administration of ethylphenidate, methamphetamine, cocaine, crushed prescription pills, or ...
Nasopharyngeal angiofibroma is an angiofibroma also known as juvenile nasal angiofibroma, fibromatous hamartoma, and angiofibromatous hamartoma of the nasal cavity. [3] It is a benign but locally aggressive vascular tumor of the nasopharynx that arises from the superior margin of the sphenopalatine foramen and grows in the back of the nasal cavity.
The exact cause of adenoid hypertrophy in children remains unclear, but it is likely linked to immunological responses, hormonal factors, or genetic components. Adenoid hypertrophy is an immunological abnormality characterized by altered cytokine production, with children experiencing higher levels of proinflammatory cytokines.
The sphenopalatine artery is the artery commonly responsible for epistaxis (difficult to control bleeding of the nasal cavity, especially the posterior nasal cavity). [3] In severe nose bleed cases which do not stop after intense packing of anti-clotting agents, the sphenopalatine artery can be ligated (clipped and then cut) during open surgery ...
Sinusitis is a condition that affects both children and adults. It is caused by a combination of environmental and a person's individual health factors. [8] It can occur in individuals with allergies, exposure to environmental irritants, structural abnormalities of the nasal cavity and sinuses and poor immune function. [9]