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Couvade syndrome, also called sympathetic pregnancy, is a proposed condition in which an expectant father experiences some of the same symptoms and behavior as his pregnant partner. [1] These most often include major weight gain, altered hormone levels, morning nausea , and disturbed sleep patterns.
Although described as "morning sickness," pregnant women can experience this nausea any time of day or night. The exact cause of morning sickness remains unknown. Nausea and vomiting in pregnancy is typically mild and self-limited, resolving on its own by the 14th week of pregnancy. Other causes should also be ruled out when considering treatment.
Fetal alcohol syndrome usually occurs when a pregnant woman has more than four drinks per day. Milder symptoms have been found with two drinks per day during the early part of pregnancy. [53] [54] Evidence of harm from less than two drinks per day or 10 drinks per week is not clear. [53] [55]
The fifth edition of the American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders that was published in 2013 includes a new chapter (not in DSM-IV-TR) on disruptive, impulse-control, and conduct disorders covering disorders "characterized by problems in emotional and behavioral self-control". [1]
In 2015, about 10% of pregnant women drank alcohol in the past month, and 20% to 30% drank at some point during the pregnancy. [34] Of pregnant American women, 3.6% met criteria for an alcohol use disorder in a 2001 epidemiological study. [40]
[1] [2] Patients observe these symptoms and seek medical advice from healthcare professionals. Because most people are not diagnostically trained or knowledgeable, they typically describe their symptoms in layman's terms, rather than using specific medical terminology. This list is not exhaustive.
Most often, nausea and vomiting symptoms during pregnancy resolve in the first trimester, however, some continue to experience symptoms. Hyperemesis gravidarum is diagnosed by the following criteria: greater than 3 vomiting episodes per day, ketonuria, and weight loss of more than 3 kg or 5% of body weight.
Often gets better but may last entire pregnancy [2] Causes: Unknown. [3] New research (late 2023) indicates an elevated level of one specific hormone. Risk factors: First pregnancy, multiple pregnancy, obesity, prior or family history of hyperemesis gravidarum, trophoblastic disorder: Diagnostic method: Based on symptoms [3] Differential diagnosis