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  2. Four Noble Truths - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Four_Noble_Truths

    [93] [96] [97] While dukkha-samudaya, the term in the basic set of the four truths, is traditionally translated and explained as "the origin (or cause) of suffering", giving a causal explanation of dukkha, Brazier and Batchelor point to the wider connotations of the term samudaya, "coming into existence together": together with dukkha arises ...

  3. Sammādiṭṭhi Sutta - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sammādiṭṭhi_Sutta

    Likewise, their respective roots (greed, nongreed, etc.) are thus "the origin of suffering" (dukkha-samudaya); the non-arising of the roots is the cessation of this suffering (dukkha-nirodha); and, the understanding of unwholesome and wholesome actions and their roots, abandoning the roots, and understanding their cessation is the noble path ...

  4. Pratītyasamutpāda - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pratītyasamutpāda

    The early Buddhist texts also associate dependent arising with emptiness and not-self. The early Buddhist texts outline different ways in which dependent origination is a middle way between different sets of "extreme" views (such as "monist" and "pluralist" ontologies or materialist and dualist views of mind-body relation).

  5. Glossary of Buddhism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_Buddhism

    A Definition Etymology In other languages abhidhamma A category of scriptures that attempts to use Buddhist teachings to create a systematic, abstract description of all worldly phenomena abhi is "above" or "about", dhamma is "teaching" Pāli: abhidhamma Sanskrit: abhidharma Bur: အဘိဓမ္မာ abhidhamma Khmer: អភិធម្ម âphĭthômm Tib: ཆོས་མངོན་པ ...

  6. Three marks of existence - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Three_marks_of_existence

    In Buddhism, the three marks of existence are three characteristics (Pali: tilakkhaṇa; Sanskrit: त्रिलक्षण trilakṣaṇa) of all existence and beings, namely anicca (impermanence), dukkha (commonly translated as "suffering" or "cause of suffering", "unsatisfactory", "unease"), [note 1] and anattā (without a lasting essence).

  7. Buddhist ethics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhist_ethics

    Buddhist ethics are traditionally based on the enlightened perspective of the Buddha. [1] ... samudaya (origin, cause) of this dukkha is the "craving, ...

  8. Duḥkha - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duḥkha

    Chinese Buddhist tradition has been influenced by Taoism and Confucian theory that advocates that duhkha (古:十Ten directions, 口 hole or opening) is associated to the theory of seven emotions of endogenous disease through the formation of the spirit of the po a term that relates to the Western psychological notion of ego or the theological ...

  9. Gudō Wafu Nishijima - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gudō_Wafu_Nishijima

    The first perspective is "idealist," "abstract," "spiritual," and "subjective"; Nishijima says this is the correct interpretation of the first Noble Truth (in mainstream Buddhism, the first Noble Truth is dukkha). The second perspective is "concrete," "materialistic," "scientific," and "objective" (in mainstream Buddhism, samudaya).