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Fluorescence microscopy relies upon fluorescent compounds, or fluorophores, in order to image biological systems.Since fluorescence and phosphorescence are competitive methods of relaxation, a fluorophore that undergoes intersystem crossing to the triplet excited state no longer fluoresces and instead remains in the triplet excited state, which has a relatively long lifetime, before ...
A Jablonski diagram showing the excitation of molecule A to its singlet excited state (1 A*) followed by intersystem crossing to the triplet state (3 A) that relaxes to the ground state by phosphorescence. It was used to describe absorption and emission of light by fluorescents.
Internal conversion is a transition from a higher to a lower electronic state in a molecule or atom. [1] It is sometimes called "radiationless de-excitation", because no photons are emitted. It differs from intersystem crossing in that, while both are radiationless methods of de-excitation, the molecular spin state for internal conversion ...
They usually are catalysts. [1] They can function by many mechanisms, sometimes they donate an electron to the substrate, sometimes they abstract a hydrogen atom from the substrate. At the end of this process, the photosensitizer returns to its ground state , where it remains chemically intact, poised to absorb more light.
Singlet fission is a spin-allowed process, unique to molecular photophysics, whereby one singlet excited state is converted into two triplet states.The phenomenon has been observed in molecular crystals, aggregates, disordered thin films, and covalently-linked dimers, where the chromophores are oriented such that the electronic coupling between singlet and the double triplet states is large.
This article is within the scope of WikiProject Chemistry, a collaborative effort to improve the coverage of chemistry on Wikipedia. If you would like to participate, please visit the project page, where you can join the discussion and see a list of open tasks. Chemistry Wikipedia:WikiProject Chemistry Template:WikiProject Chemistry Chemistry: Mid
National Route 1 (Vietnamese: Quốc lộ 1 (or abbrv.QL.1) or Đường 1), also known as National Route 1A, is the trans-Vietnam highway.The route begins at km 0 at Hữu Nghị Quan Border Gate near the China-Vietnam border, [1] runs the length of the country connecting major cities including Hanoi, Da Nang and Ho Chi Minh City, and ends at km 2301.34 [citation needed] at Năm Căn township ...
Entrance sign at the tunnels. Part of the tunnel complex at Củ Chu, this tunnel has been made wider and taller to accommodate tourists. The tunnels of Củ Chi (Vietnamese: Địa đạo Củ Chi) are an immense network of connecting tunnels located in the Củ Chi District of Ho Chi Minh City (Saigon), Vietnam, and are part of a much larger network of tunnels that underlie much of the country.