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  2. Existential quantification - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Existential_quantification

    In predicate logic, an existential quantification is a type of quantifier, a logical constant which is interpreted as "there exists", "there is at least one", or "for some". It is usually denoted by the logical operator symbol ∃, which, when used together with a predicate variable, is called an existential quantifier (" ∃x" or "∃(x)" or ...

  3. Non-numerical words for quantities - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-numerical_words_for...

    The English language has a number of words that denote specific or approximate quantities that are themselves not numbers. [1] Along with numerals, and special-purpose words like some, any, much, more, every, and all, they are quantifiers. Quantifiers are a kind of determiner and occur in many constructions with other determiners, like articles ...

  4. Proof without words - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proof_without_words

    A proof without words might imply such an argument, but it does not make one directly, so it cannot take the place of a formal proof where one is required. [10] [11] Rather, mathematicians use proofs without words as illustrations and teaching aids for ideas that have already been proven formally. [12] [13]

  5. Necessity and sufficiency - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Necessity_and_sufficiency

    In logic and mathematics, necessity and sufficiency are terms used to describe a conditional or implicational relationship between two statements.For example, in the conditional statement: "If P then Q", Q is necessary for P, because the truth of Q is guaranteed by the truth of P.

  6. Increment and decrement operators - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Increment_and_decrement...

    The post-increment and post-decrement operators increase (or decrease) the value of their operand by 1, but the value of the expression is the operand's value prior to the increment (or decrement) operation. In languages where increment/decrement is not an expression (e.g., Go), only one version is needed (in the case of Go, post operators only).

  7. Glossary of mathematical jargon - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_mathematical...

    A statement such as that predicate P is satisfied by arbitrarily large values, can be expressed in more formal notation by ∀x : ∃y ≥ x : P(y). See also frequently. The statement that quantity f(x) depending on x "can be made" arbitrarily large, corresponds to ∀y : ∃x : f(x) ≥ y. arbitrary A shorthand for the universal quantifier. An ...

  8. Logical NOR - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logical_NOR

    In Boolean logic, logical NOR, [1] non-disjunction, or joint denial [1] is a truth-functional operator which produces a result that is the negation of logical or.That is, a sentence of the form (p NOR q) is true precisely when neither p nor q is true—i.e. when both p and q are false.

  9. XNOR gate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XNOR_gate

    Although other gates (OR, NOR, AND, NAND) are available from manufacturers with three or more inputs per gate, this is not strictly true with XOR and XNOR gates. However, extending the concept of the binary logical operation to three inputs, the SN74S135 with two shared "C" and four independent "A" and "B" inputs for its four outputs, was a ...