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The colorectal adenoma is a benign glandular tumor of the colon and the rectum. It is a precursor lesion of the colorectal adenocarcinoma ( colon cancer ). [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] They often manifest as colorectal polyps .
[33] [34] A prominent and well studied example of this phenomenon is the tubular adenoma, a common type of colon polyp which is an important precursor to colon cancer. The cells in tubular adenomas, like most tumors that frequently progress to cancer, show certain abnormalities of cell maturation and appearance collectively known as dysplasia.
A large majority (65–80%) are of the benign tubular type with 10–25% being tubulovillous, and villous being the most rare at 5–10%. [ 9 ] As is evident from their name, sessile serrated and traditional serrated adenomas (TSAs) have a serrated appearance and can be difficult to distinguish microscopically from hyperplastic polyps. [ 18 ]
The remaining 10% of adenomas are larger than 1 cm and approach a 10% chance of containing invasive cancer. [17] There are three types of adenomatous polyp: Tubular adenomas (tube-like shape) are the most common of the adenomatous polyps; they may occur everywhere in the colon and they are the least likely colon polyps to develop into colon cancer
Adenoma is a benign tumor of glandular tissue, such as the mucosa of stomach, small intestine, and colon, in which tumor cells form glands or gland-like structures. In hollow organs (digestive tract), the adenoma grows into the lumen - adenomatous polyp or polypoid adenoma. Adenomatous polyps may be classified based on morphology in order to ...
The adenoma, lacking the "carcinoma" attached to the end of it, suggests that it is a benign version of the malignant adenocarcinoma. The gastroenterologist uses a colonoscopy to find and remove these adenomas and polyps to prevent them from continuing to acquire genetic changes that will lead to an invasive adenocarcinoma.
Nipple adenomas are non-cancerous growths, which can recur if not completely surgically removed. [1] There are reported cases of cancers arising within nipple adenomas, and following excision of nipple adenomas, but these are rare occurrences. [4]
Ovarian serous cystadenoma is a non-cancerous type of tumor of the ovary. [1] It is typically larger than 1cm in diameter and presents with signs and symptoms of a growth in the pelvis, or is discovered when investigating something else. [2] A fifth occur in both ovaries at the same time. [2]