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The Keys to the White House, also known as the 13 keys, is a prediction system for determining the outcome of presidential elections in the United States.It was developed by American historian Allan Lichtman and Russian geophysicist Vladimir Keilis-Borok in 1981, adapting methods that Keilis-Borok designed for earthquake prediction.
His method for forecasting the race so accurately is known as “The Keys to the White House,” a system he devised with the Russian academic Vladimir Keilis-Borok in 1981.
The keys include whether: The White House party gained House seats during the midterm elections. The sitting president is running for reelection.
Allan Jay Lichtman (/ ˈ l ɪ k t m ən /; born April 4, 1947) is an American historian who has taught at American University in Washington, D.C. since 1973. He is known for creating the Keys to the White House with Soviet seismologist Vladimir Keilis-Borok in 1981.
The system, dubbed the "13 Keys to the White House" uses – you guessed it – thirteen true-or-false statements rooted in historical analysis about the state of the country, the parties and the ...
Keilis-Borok, in collaboration with Allan Lichtman, used some of his techniques to create The Keys to the White House, a presidential election prediction system. It has accurately predicted every United States presidential election since 1984, with the exception of the 2024 election and 2000 election. [8]
The keys include whether: The White House party gained House seats during the midterm elections. The sitting president is running for reelection.
[4] [2] [8] Lichtman had published the book The Keys to the White House in 1996 about a system he created, inspired by earthquake research, to predict the outcome of US presidential elections. [9] [10] His model accurately forecast the popular vote winner of all the US presidential elections from 1984 to 2012. [11]