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In traditional logic, a contradiction occurs when a proposition conflicts either with itself or established fact. It is often used as a tool to detect disingenuous beliefs and bias . Illustrating a general tendency in applied logic, Aristotle 's law of noncontradiction states that "It is impossible that the same thing can at the same time both ...
Oxymoron, contradiction used as a figure of speech; Semantics; Skunked term, a term that becomes difficult to use because it is evolving from one meaning to another, ...
false (contradiction) bottom, falsity, contradiction, falsum, empty clause propositional logic, Boolean algebra, first-order logic: denotes a proposition that is always false. The symbol ⊥ may also refer to perpendicular lines.
A stronger form of reductio ad absurdum, [56] where instead of only deriving from showing that leads to a contradiction, one can also derive from showing that leads to a contradiction. coextensive Having the same scope or range, especially referring to two terms or concepts that apply to the same set of objects.
Oxymorons are words that communicate contradictions. An oxymoron (plurals: oxymorons and oxymora) is a figure of speech that juxtaposes concepts with opposite meanings within a word or in a phrase that is a self-contradiction. As a rhetorical device, an oxymoron illustrates a point to communicate and reveal a paradox.
Proof by assertion – a proposition is repeatedly restated regardless of contradiction; sometimes confused with argument from repetition (argumentum ad infinitum, argumentum ad nauseam). Prosecutor's fallacy – a low probability of false matches does not mean a low probability of some false match being found. [43] [44]
contradiction in adjective A contradiction where adjective contradicts its noun (e.g., a square triangle). contra proferentem: against the one bringing forth Used in contract law to stipulate that an ambiguous term in a contract shall be interpreted against the interests of the party that insisted upon the term's inclusion. Prevents the ...
Faint young Sun paradox: The contradiction between existence of liquid water early in the Earth's history and the expectation that the output of the young Sun would have been insufficient to melt ice on Earth. Olbers' paradox: Why is the night sky dark if there is an infinity of stars, covering every part of the celestial sphere?