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Sinecatechins, the first botanical drug approved by the US FDA, is an extract from the leaves of Camellia sinensis.. A botanical drug is defined in the United States Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act as a botanical product that is marketed as diagnosing, mitigating, treating, or curing a disease; a botanical product in turn, is a finished, labeled product that contains ingredients from plants.
The following is a table of drugs organized by their year of discovery. Naturally occurring chemicals in plants, including alkaloids, have been used since pre-history. In the modern era, plant-based drugs have been isolated, purified and synthesised anew.
Plants need to defend themselves from attack by micro-organisms, in particular fungi, and they do this by producing anti-fungal chemicals that are toxic to fungi. Because fungal and human cells are similar at a biochemical level it is often the case that chemical compounds intended for plant defence have an inhibitory effect on human cells ...
The pharmaceutical industry has remained interested in mining traditional uses of medicinal plants in its drug discovery efforts. [45] Of the 1073 small-molecule drugs approved in the period 1981 to 2010, over half were either directly derived from or inspired by natural substances.
Camptothecin (CPT) is a topoisomerase inhibitor.It was discovered in 1966 by M. E. Wall and M. C. Wani in systematic screening of natural products for anticancer drugs.It was isolated from the bark and stem of Camptotheca acuminata (Camptotheca, Happy tree), a tree native to China used in traditional Chinese medicine.
Geroscience has a long way to go, but there are four FDA-approved drugs that have shown promise to “target the process of aging,” Barzilai says. While not approved as anti-aging treatments ...
Hyoscyamine (also known as daturine or duboisine) is a naturally occurring tropane alkaloid and plant toxin. It is a secondary metabolite found in certain plants of the family Solanaceae , including henbane , mandrake , angel's trumpets , jimsonweed , the sorcerers' tree , and Atropa belladonna (deadly nightshade).
Cyclopamine (11-deoxojervine) is a naturally occurring steroidal alkaloid.It is a teratogenic component of corn lily (Veratrum californicum), which when consumed during gestation has been demonstrated to induce birth defects, including the development of a single eye in offspring. [1]