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Macular amyloidosis is a cutaneous condition characterized by itchy, brown, rippled macules usually located on the interscapular region of the back. [4]: 521 Combined cases of lichen and macular amyloidosis are termed biphasic amyloidosis, and provide support to the theory that these two variants of amyloidosis exist on the same disease spectrum.
Amyloidosis is a group of diseases in which abnormal proteins, known as amyloid fibrils, build up in tissue. [4] There are several non-specific and vague signs and symptoms associated with amyloidosis. [5] These include fatigue, peripheral edema, weight loss, shortness of breath, palpitations, and feeling faint with standing. [5]
X-linked reticulate pigmentary disorder (familial cutaneous amyloidosis, Partington amyloidosis, Partington cutaneous amyloidosis, Partington syndrome type II, reticulate pigmentary disorder, X-linked reticulate pigmentary disorder with systemic manifestations) Yemenite deaf-blind hypopigmentation syndrome
To date, 37 human proteins have been found to form amyloid in pathology and be associated with well-defined diseases. [2] The International Society of Amyloidosis classifies amyloid fibrils and their associated diseases based upon associated proteins (for example ATTR is the group of diseases and associated fibrils formed by TTR). [3]
About one-third of all lichen photobionts are cyanobacteria, while the remaining two-thirds are green algae. [2] Some lichens host both green algae and cyanobacteria alongside their fungal component. These are known as "tripartite" lichens. In most lichens, the photobiont forms an extensive layer covering much of the lichen body (the thallus).
AL amyloidosis is caused by the deposition of abnormal antibody free light chains. The abnormal light chains are produced by monoclonal plasma cells, and, although AL amyloidosis can occur without diagnosis of another disorder, it is often associated with other plasma cell disorders, such as multiple myeloma and Waldenström's macroglobulinemia. [6]
A 21-year-old woman rolled her car in a crash, then stabbed a deputy in the neck to get away when she was confronted, Florida authorities said.
Alectoria sarmentosa (common witch's-hair lichen [1]) is a long-lived, perennial witch's-hair lichen. It is a light greenish colored and fruticose or bushy bodied. This epiphytic lichen belongs to the family Parmeliaceae and the suborder Lecanorineae , which includes six similar species. [ 2 ]