Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
In game theory, the centipede game, first introduced by Robert Rosenthal in 1981, is an extensive form game in which two players take turns choosing either to take a slightly larger share of an increasing pot, or to pass the pot to the other player. The payoffs are arranged so that if one passes the pot to one's opponent and the opponent takes ...
In the centipede game, two players take turns choosing either to expand a slowly increasing pot, or to end the game and keep a larger fraction of the pot. In this example, the players are Alice and Bob. Alice chooses first, and also has the highest reward if Bob chooses to expand the pot on the final round.
Within a few years, however, references to Alice and Bob in cryptological literature became a common trope. Cryptographers would often begin their academic papers with reference to Alice and Bob. For instance, Michael Rabin began his 1981 paper, "Bob and Alice each have a secret, SB and SA, respectively, which they want to exchange."
This states that Bob intends a message for Alice consisting of a nonce N B encrypted using public key of Alice. A key with two subscripts, K A,B, is a symmetric key shared by the two corresponding individuals. A key with one subscript, K A, is the public key of the corresponding individual. A private key is represented as the inverse of the ...
Similar to a classical zero-sum game, a zero-sum quantum refereed game [1] is a quantum refereed game with the additional constraint () + =.. It is natural to assume Alice and Bob play independent strategies in a zero-sum quantum refereed game, since it cannot simultaneously be to both players' advantage to communicate directly with one another or to initially share an entanglement state ...
Alice&Bob -- Paris startup that is building what it says are fault-tolerant quantum processors -- has raised €27 million (just under $30 million at today's rates), money that it will use to ...
House centipedes typically have 15 legs and can travel 1.3 feet-per-second, which explains why catching one of these centipedes in house is nearly impossible. The typical response to a house ...
If Alice only wants to maximize her own payoff, choosing $99 trumps choosing $100. If Bob chooses any dollar value 2–98 inclusive, $99 and $100 give equal payoffs; if Bob chooses $99 or $100, choosing $99 nets Alice an extra dollar. A similar line of reasoning shows that choosing $98 is always better for Alice than choosing $99.