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The most commonly used (nominal) 5% solution consists of 5% iodine (I 2) and 10% potassium iodide (KI) mixed in distilled water and has a total iodine content of 126.4 mg/mL. The (nominal) 5% solution thus has a total iodine content of 6.32 mg per drop of 0.05 mL; the (nominal) 2% solution has 2.53 mg total iodine content per drop.
A saturated solution of potassium iodide (SSKI) was administered to 10.5 million children and 7 million adults in Poland [31] [42] as a preventative measure against accumulation of radioactive 131 I in the thyroid gland.
USP Strong Iodine Tincture is defined in the NF as containing in each 100 mL, 6.8 to 7.5 gram of iodine, and 4.7 to 5.5 gram of potassium iodide. Purified water is 50 mL and the balance is alcohol. This 7% tincture solution is about 3.5 times more concentrated than USP 2% tincture. [citation needed]
Dragendorff's reagent is prepared by mixing a concentrated solution of potassium iodide with a solution of bismuth subnitrate in a diluted acid (acetic acid or tartaric acid, hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid is rarely being used) as a low pH is mandatory for this reagent. [2] The formation is as follows:
Its formation explains why the solubility of iodine in water may be increased by the addition of potassium iodide solution: [11] I 2 + I − ⇌ I − 3 (K eq = ~700 at 20 °C) Many other polyiodides may be found when solutions containing iodine and iodide crystallise, such as I − 5, I − 9, I 2− 4, and I 2−
A saturated solution of potassium iodide is used to treat acute thyrotoxicosis. It is also used to block uptake of iodine-131 in the thyroid gland (see isotopes section above), when this isotope is used as part of radiopharmaceuticals (such as iobenguane ) that are not targeted to the thyroid or thyroid-type tissues.
For prolonged titrations, it is advised to add dry ice to the titration mixture to displace air from the Erlenmeyer flask so as to prevent the aerial oxidation of iodide to iodine. Standard iodine solution is prepared from potassium iodate and potassium iodide, which are both primary standards: IO − 3 + 8 I − + 6 H + → 3 I − 3 + 3 H 2 O
Percentage of share of households consuming iodized salt. Edible salt can be iodised by spraying it with a potassium iodate or potassium iodide solution. 57 grams of potassium iodate, costing about US$1.15 (in 2006), is required to iodise a ton (2,000 pounds) of salt. [1]