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Ogilvie syndrome, or acute colonic pseudo-obstruction, is the acute dilatation of the colon in the absence of any mechanical obstruction in severely ill patients. [1]Acute colonic pseudo-obstruction is characterized by massive dilatation of the cecum (diameter > 10 cm) and right colon on abdominal X-ray.
Functional constipation, also known as chronic idiopathic constipation (CIC), is defined by less than three bowel movements per week, hard stools, severe straining, the sensation of anorectal blockage, the feeling of incomplete evacuation, and the need for manual maneuvers during feces, without organic abnormalities.
This image shows constipation in a young child as seen on X-ray. In order to correctly manage neurogenic bowel dysfunction it is important to accurately diagnose it. This can be done by a variety of methods, the most commonly used would be taking a clinical history and carrying out physical examinations which may include: abdominal ...
Individuals who have had one fecal impaction are at high risk of future impactions. Therefore, preventive treatment should be instituted in patients following the removal of the mass. Increasing dietary fiber, increasing fluid intake, exercising daily, and attempting regularly to defecate every morning after eating should be promoted in all ...
Constipation is a bowel dysfunction that makes bowel movements infrequent or hard to pass. [2] The stool is often hard and dry. [4] Other symptoms may include abdominal pain, bloating, and feeling as if one has not completely passed the bowel movement. [3] Complications from constipation may include hemorrhoids, anal fissure or fecal impaction. [4]
CT-Scan showing a coronal section of the abdomen of an elderly lady with an IPO. The symptoms of IPO are nonspecific. It is not unusual for patients to present repeatedly and to undergo numerous tests. [4] Mechanical causes of intestinal obstruction must be excluded to reach a diagnosis of pseudo-obstruction.
Common symptoms include abdominal pain, distension, and severe constipation. [12] Constipation occurs earlier and vomiting may be less prominent. Proximal obstruction of the large bowel may present as small bowel obstruction. [13] Patients may notice a history of bloating and narrowing of stools before the onset of more severe symptoms.
To qualify for this diagnosis, patients must meet the Rome diagnostic criteria for functional constipation or irritable bowel syndrome with constipation (IBS-C). [31] Furthermore, 2 of the following 3 tests must show abnormal results: balloon expulsion test , anorectal manometry or anal surface electromyography , or imaging (e.g. defecography ...