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Shigellosis, known historically as dysentery, is an infection of the intestines caused by Shigella bacteria. [1] [3] Symptoms generally start one to two days after exposure and include diarrhea, fever, abdominal pain, and feeling the need to pass stools even when the bowels are empty. [1]
It is sometimes listed as an explicit differential diagnosis of bacillary dysentery, as opposed to a cause. [6] Bacillary dysentery should not be confused with diarrhea caused by other bacterial infections. One characteristic of bacillary dysentery is blood in stool, [7] which is the result of invasion of the mucosa by the pathogen.
A shigella infection can cause bloody diarrhea, fever and stomach pain, among other symptoms, making this an illness no one wants to have.
For example, Shigella is a longstanding World Health Organization (WHO) target for vaccine development, and sharp declines in age-specific diarrhea/dysentery attack rates for this pathogen indicate that natural immunity does develop following exposure; thus, vaccination to prevent this disease should be feasible. The development of vaccines ...
[3] [4] During infection, it typically causes dysentery. [5] Shigella is a leading cause of bacterial diarrhea worldwide, with 80–165 million annual cases (estimated) [6] and 74,000 to 600,000 deaths. [6] [7] It is one of the top four pathogens that cause moderate-to-severe diarrhea in African and South Asian children. [8]
Toxic megacolon paralyzes bowel movements or causes passing gas. Reactive arthritis, which is the inflammation of joints [13] Hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS) is a complication that occurs when bacteria enter the digestive system and produce toxins to destroy red blood cells that may cause bloody diarrhea as a symptom.
Shigella dysenteriae is a species of the rod-shaped bacterial genus Shigella. [1] Shigella species can cause shigellosis (bacillary dysentery). Shigellae are Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, facultatively anaerobic, nonmotile bacteria. [2] S. dysenteriae has the ability to invade and replicate in various species of epithelial cells and ...
Plesiomonas shigelloides is a species of bacteria [1] and the only member of its genus. It is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium which has been isolated from freshwater, freshwater fish, shellfish, cattle, goats, swine, cats, dogs, monkeys, vultures, snakes, toads and humans. [2]