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The Papez circuit / p eɪ p z /, [1] [2] [unreliable source?] [3] or medial limbic circuit, is a neural circuit for the control of emotional expression. In 1937, James Papez proposed that the circuit connecting the hypothalamus to the limbic lobe was the basis for emotional experiences.
Frontal lobe damage becomes the most prominent as alcoholics age and can lead to impaired neuropsychological performance in areas such as problem solving, good judgment, and goal-directed behaviors. [3] Impaired emotional processing results from damage to the limbic system.
The limbic system, also known as the paleomammalian cortex, is a set of brain structures located on both sides of the thalamus, immediately beneath the medial temporal lobe of the cerebrum primarily in the forebrain.
The hippocampus is part of the human limbic system, which interacts with the neocortex and other parts of the brain to produce emotions. [1] As a part of the limbic system, the hippocampus plays its part in the formation of emotion in addition to its other roles, such as consolidation of new memories, navigation, and spatial orientation. [2]
All the forms of psychosurgery in use today (or used in recent years) target the limbic system, which involves structures such as the amygdala, hippocampus, certain thalamic and hypothalamic nuclei, prefrontal and orbitofrontal cortex, and cingulate gyrus—all connected by fibre pathways and thought to play a part in the regulation of emotion. [9]
The default mode network has also been called the language network, semantic system, or limbic network. [11] Even though the dichotomy is misleading, [ 8 ] the term task-negative network is still sometimes used to contrast it against other more externally-oriented brain networks.
Limbic resonance is the idea that the capacity for sharing deep emotional states arises from the limbic system of the brain. [1] These states include the dopamine circuit-promoted feelings of empathic harmony, and the norepinephrine circuit-originated emotional states of fear, anxiety and anger.
The limbic system also includes areas that are important for memory consolidation. The relationship between all the areas in the limbic system is an area of interest for psychic numbing because it encapsulates two factors that contribute to the phenomenon: emotions and memory. [ 7 ]