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  2. UTF-8 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTF-8

    It was designed for backward compatibility with ASCII: the first 128 characters of Unicode, which correspond one-to-one with ASCII, are encoded using a single byte with the same binary value as ASCII, so that a UTF-8-encoded file using only those characters is identical to an ASCII file. Most software designed for any extended ASCII can read ...

  3. C data types - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C_data_types

    Actual type can be either signed or unsigned. It contains CHAR_BIT bits. [3] ≥8 %c [CHAR_MIN, CHAR_MAX] — signed char: Of the same size as char, but guaranteed to be signed. Capable of containing at least the [−127, +127] range. [3] [a] ≥8 %c [b] [SCHAR_MIN, SCHAR_MAX] [6] — unsigned char: Of the same size as char, but guaranteed to ...

  4. Binary-to-text encoding - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binary-to-text_encoding

    Files that contain machine-executable code and non-textual data typically contain all 256 possible eight-bit byte values. Many computer programs came to rely on this distinction between seven-bit text and eight-bit binary data, and would not function properly if non-ASCII characters appeared in data that was expected to include only ASCII text ...

  5. Ascii85 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ascii85

    Ascii85, also called Base85, is a form of binary-to-text encoding developed by Paul E. Rutter for the btoa utility. By using five ASCII characters to represent four bytes of binary data (making the encoded size 1 ⁄ 4 larger than the original, assuming eight bits per ASCII character), it is more efficient than uuencode or Base64, which use four characters to represent three bytes of data (1 ...

  6. ASCII - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASCII

    Eventually, as 8-, 16-, and 32-bit (and later 64-bit) computers began to replace 12-, 18-, and 36-bit computers as the norm, it became common to use an 8-bit byte to store each character in memory, providing an opportunity for extended, 8-bit relatives of ASCII. In most cases these developed as true extensions of ASCII, leaving the original ...

  7. ISO/IEC 8859-1 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO/IEC_8859-1

    It is the basis for some popular 8-bit character sets and the first two blocks of characters in Unicode. As of December 2024 [update] , 1.1% of all web sites use ISO/IEC 8859-1 . [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It is the most declared single-byte character encoding, but as Web browsers and the HTML5 standard [ 3 ] interpret them as the superset Windows-1252 ...

  8. Time formatting and storage bugs - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_formatting_and...

    The last modification date stamp (and with DELWATCH 2.0+ also the file deletion date stamp, and since DOS 7.0+ optionally also the last access date stamp and creation date stamp), are stored in the directory entry with the year represented as an unsigned seven bit number (0–127), relative to 1980, and thereby unable to indicate any dates in ...

  9. Extended ASCII - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extended_ASCII

    Hewlett-Packard started to add European characters to their extended 7-bit / 8-bit ASCII character set HP Roman Extension around 1978/1979 for use with their workstations, terminals and printers. This later evolved into the widely used regular 8-bit character sets HP Roman-8 and HP Roman-9 (as well as a number of variants).

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