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The hexaxial reference system is a diagram that is used to determine the heart's electrical axis in the frontal plane.. In electrocardiography, left axis deviation (LAD) is a condition wherein the mean electrical axis of ventricular contraction of the heart lies in a frontal plane direction between −30° and −90°.
In obstetrics, heart rate can be measured by ultrasonography, such as in this embryo (at bottom left in the sac) of 6 weeks with a heart rate of approximately 90 per minute. A more precise method of determining heart rate involves the use of an electrocardiograph, or ECG (also abbreviated EKG). An ECG generates a pattern based on electrical ...
It is a form of cardiac arrhythmia in which ectopic foci within either ventricular or atrial myocardium, or from finer branches of the electric transduction system, cause additional beats of the heart. Some medications may worsen the phenomenon. [citation needed] Ectopic beats are considered normal and are not indicative of cardiac pathology.
Normal heart rates vary with age and level of fitness, from infants having faster heart rates (110-150 bpm) and the elderly having slower heart rates. [3] Sinus tachycardia is a normal response to physical exercise or other stress, when the heart rate increases to meet the body's higher demand for energy and oxygen, but sinus tachycardia can ...
Can stress cause high blood pressure? Stress—and often how you cope with it—can make so many things worse, including your blood pressure. A major risk factor for heart disease and stroke, high ...
There are four types of sensations: Extra-systolic (premature heartbeats), Tachycardic (rapid heart rate), Anxiety-related or Intense palpitations. Anxiety-related palpitations are the most common. [1] [3] They often happen due to stress or psychological factors. We must evaluate patients to tell apart harmless causes from serious heart issues.
In patients with stable coronary heart disease (CHD) up to 70% [1] Mental stress-induced myocardial ischemia (MSIMI) is a medical condition in which acute psychological stress can trigger a transient myocardial ischemia , which is a state of reduced blood flow to the heart muscle , often without the presence of significant coronary artery ...
A cardiac stress test is a cardiological examination that evaluates the cardiovascular system's response to external stress within a controlled clinical setting. This stress response can be induced through physical exercise (usually a treadmill) or intravenous pharmacological stimulation of heart rate. [1]