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A shadoof or shaduf, [1] well pole, well sweep, sweep, [2] swape, [3] or simply a lift [4] is a tool that is used to lift water from a well or another water source onto land or into another waterway or basin. It is highly efficient, and has been known since 3000 BCE.
The introduction of this machine had a decisive influence on agriculture as this wheel lifted water 3 to 8 metres with much less labour force and time than the Shaduf, which was the previous irrigation device in the Kingdom. The Shaduf relied on human energy while the saqiya was driven by buffalos or other animals. [20]
Griot: The griot musical tradition originates from the Islamic Mali Empire, where the first professional griot was Balla Fasséké. [121] Sitar: According to various sources, the sitar was invented by Amir Khusrow, a famous Sufi inventor, poet, and pioneer of Khyal, Tarana and Qawwali, in the Delhi Sultanate.
Al-Farabi: Regarded as founder of Islamic Neoplatonism [25] [26] and by some as the Father of Logic in the Islamic World. [27] [28] Ibn Rushd (Averroes) (1126-1198): Known in west as The Commentator has been described by some as the Father of Rationalism [29] and the Father of Free Thought in Western Europe.
It is encircled by a meridian ring and a horizon ring. [6] The latitude angle of 32° indicates that the globe was made in the Lahore workshop. [7] This specific 'workshop claims 21 signed globes—the largest number from a single shop’ making this globe a good example of Celestial Globe production at its peak. [8]
Among the great Islamic scholars who were his pupils were Bukhari and Ahmad ibn Hanbal. He wrote at least four works, of which two have survived, these being the Tabaqat (biographies) and Tarikh (history).
Turkish or Ottoman illumination refers to non-figurative painted or drawn decorative art found in manuscripts or on sheets in muraqqa. [1] In Turkish it is called “tezhip”, [2] meaning “ornamenting with gold”. The Classical Islamic style of manuscript illumination combines techniques from Turkish, Persian, and Arabic traditions.
The Book of Ingenious Devices (Arabic: كتاب الحيل, romanized: Kitāb al-Ḥiyāl, Persian: كتاب ترفندها, romanized: Ketâb tarfandhâ, lit. 'Book of Tricks') is a large illustrated work on mechanical devices, including automata, published in 850 by the three brothers of Persian [1] descent, the Banū Mūsā brothers (Ahmad, Muhammad and Hasan ibn Musa ibn Shakir) working at ...