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The ester bond is formed between the carboxylate group of a fatty acid and the hydroxyl group of cholesterol. Cholesteryl esters have a lower solubility in water due to their increased hydrophobicity. Esters are formed by replacing at least one –OH (hydroxyl) group with an –O–alkyl (alkoxy) group. They are hydrolyzed by pancreatic enzymes ...
The systematic name is steryl-ester acylhydrolase. Other names in common use include cholesterol esterase , cholesteryl ester synthase , triterpenol esterase , cholesteryl esterase , cholesteryl ester hydrolase , sterol ester hydrolase , cholesterol ester hydrolase , cholesterase , and acylcholesterol lipase .
The results of the experiment are indicative that under all of the conditions of cellular cholesterol availability tested, the relative level of SOAT2 expression affects the cholesteryl ester content, and therefore the atherogenecity of nascent apoB-containing lipoproteins.
Cholesterol is the principal sterol of all higher animals, distributed in body tissues, especially the brain and spinal cord, and in animal fats and oils. [3] [4]Cholesterol is biosynthesized by all animal cells [citation needed] and is an essential structural and signaling component of animal cell membranes.
The outer shell of lipoprotein particles have the hydrophilic groups of phospholipids, cholesterol, and apolipoproteins directed outward. Such characteristics make them soluble in the salt-water-based blood pool. Triglycerides and cholesteryl esters are carried internally, shielded from the water by the outer shell. The kind of apolipoproteins ...
During the chemical reaction two sterols bind together and bisterol (bisteroid) is formed; bi-cholestadien (double cholestene with two double bonds) in a case of cholesterol. Red colour of a solution is a consequence of bi- sulfonic acid of a bi-cholestadien, which is a product of sulfuric acid sulfonating bi-cholestadien.
It converts free cholesterol into cholesteryl ester, a more hydrophobic form of cholesterol. This process sequesters cholesterol ester into the core of a lipoprotein particle, eventually making the newly synthesized HDL spherical and forcing the reaction to become unidirectional since the particles are removed from the surface.
Lipid droplets are composed of a neutral lipid core consisting mainly of triacylglycerols (TAGs) and cholesteryl esters surrounded by a phospholipid monolayer. [2] The surface of lipid droplets is decorated by a number of proteins which are involved in the regulation of lipid metabolism . [ 2 ]
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