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Medieval Scandinavian law, also called North Germanic law, [1] [2] [3] was a subset of Germanic law practiced by North Germanic peoples. It was originally memorized by lawspeakers , but after the end of the Viking Age they were committed to writing, mostly by Christian monks after the Christianization of Scandinavia .
Exact rules varied from place to place and changed over time, but before each challenge the duelists agreed to the rules they used. The duel was fought either on a pre-specified plot or on a traditional place which was regularly used for this purpose. The challenger recited the rules, traditional or those agreed upon, before the duel.
Besides his function as the president of the thing, his duties were restricted to counselling and to reciting the law. It was the sole government office of the medieval Icelandic Commonwealth. The lawspeaker was elected for a term of three years and was supposed to declaim the law at the Althing, a third of it each summer.
The Danelaw (/ ˈ d eɪ n ˌ l ɔː /, Danish: Danelagen; Norwegian: Danelagen; Old English: Dena lagu) [2] was the part of England between the early tenth century and the Norman Conquest under Anglo-Saxon rule in which Danish laws applied. [3]
Viking women generally appear to have had more freedom than women elsewhere, [161] as illustrated in the Icelandic Grágás and the Norwegian Frostating laws and Gulating laws. [162] Most free Viking women were housewives, and a woman's standing in society was linked to that of her husband. [161]
Jarl [a] was a rank of the nobility in Scandinavia during the Viking Age and Early Middle Ages.The institution evolved over time and varied by region. In Old Norse, it meant "chieftain", specifically one appointed to rule a territory in a king's stead.
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Viking expeditions (blue): Norse people, including Swedes, engaged in far-reaching voyages and raids. Swedish Vikings predominantly traveled eastward, into Russia. The Swedes took part in many Western raids against England alongside the Danes and Norwegians of which many successfully acquired Danegeld as seen on the England Runestones. The ...