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  2. Pontederia crassipes - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pontederia_crassipes

    Water hyacinth is a common fodder plant in the third world especially Africa though excessive use can be toxic. It is high in protein (nitrogen) and trace minerals and the goat feces are a good source of fertilizer as well. Water hyacinth is reported for its efficiency to remove about 60–80% nitrogen [123] and about 69% of potassium from ...

  3. Pontederia azurea - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pontederia_azurea

    The hyacinth produces large blossoms with lavender blue petals and a yellow blotch at the center, the flower bearing great resembles with that of a lilac. The petals of the flower are normally 2 inches wide with six petals making up the flower. It can grow up to three feet above water surface and is rooted in the soil underwater. [3]

  4. Lawsone - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lawsone

    Lawsone (2-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone), also known as hennotannic acid, is a red-orange dye present in the leaves of the henna plant (Lawsonia inermis), for which it is named, as well as in the common walnut (Juglans regia) [5] and water hyacinth (Pontederia crassipes). [6]

  5. Aquatic plant - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aquatic_plant

    Aquatic plants require special adaptations for prolonged inundation in water, and for floating at the water surface. The most common adaptation is the presence of lightweight internal packing cells, aerenchyma , but floating leaves and finely dissected leaves are also common.

  6. Megamelus scutellaris - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Megamelus_scutellaris

    Megamelus scutellaris, the water hyacinth planthopper, is a true bug native to South America. It is used as a biological control agent to manage and reduce the spread of the water hyacinth (Pontederia crassipes, formerly Eichhornia crassipes), an invasive aquatic plant native to South America that has invaded many freshwater systems globally.

  7. Nymphaeaceae - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nymphaeaceae

    Flowers are solitary, bisexual, radial, with a long pedicel and usually floating or raised above the surface of the water, with girdling vascular bundles in receptacle. [ 11 ] [ 12 ] Some species are protogynous and primarily cross-pollinated, but because male and female stages overlap during the second day of flowering, and because it is self ...

  8. Epidermis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epidermis

    The epidermis is the outermost of the three layers that comprise the skin, the inner layers being the dermis and hypodermis. [1] The epidermal layer provides a barrier to infection from environmental pathogens [2] and regulates the amount of water released from the body into the atmosphere through transepidermal water loss.

  9. Epidermis (botany) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epidermis_(botany)

    The cuticle reduces water loss to the atmosphere, it is sometimes covered with wax in smooth sheets, granules, plates, tubes, or filaments. The wax layers give some plants a whitish or bluish surface color. Surface wax acts as a moisture barrier and protects the plant from intense sunlight and wind. [5] Diagram of fine scale leaf internal anatomy