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The rationale behind the establishment of European Works Councils is related to the economic and political integration of the European Union. As companies became more transnational, the local information and consultation bodies (such as works councils) lacked a direct link to the level on which the real decisions are taken. As EWCs bring ...
The election procedure was simplified, an "equality quota" (minimum seats for the gender in the minority, see electoral regulations Works Constitution Act § 15 WO) was introduced, the separation between blue-collar and white-collar workers was abolished, the exemption thresholds for works council members were lowered and the works council's ...
§77 of the Works Constitution Act specifies that works agreements cannot deal with matters, primarily dealt through collective bargaining, i.e., wage increases.Section §87(1) outlines 14 different areas of enforceable co-determination, insofar as they are not already regulated in existing collective agreements specific to that company and industry, unless such collective agreements ...
The European Union negotiates free trade deals on behalf of all of its member states, as the member states have granted the EU has an "exclusive competence" to conclude trade agreements. Even so, member states' governments control every step of the process (via the Council of the European Union , whose members are national ministers from each ...
The impetus for the work on the PECL were resolutions of the European Parliament of 26 May 1989 "on action to bring into line the private law of the Member States", [2] and 25 July 1994, [3] which expressed the desire to establish a common European civil law. As an initial foundation, a common contract law was to be first created.
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Every Central Works Council sends 2 of its members to the Group Works Council per BetrVG § 55(1). The size of the Central Works Council can optionally deviate through a Group Works Agreement and or collective agreement per BetrVG § 3. In the case of 40 plus members, a Group Works Agreement between the Group Works Council and the employer is ...
The ETUI is recognised as a centre of excellence in several areas of research such as European industrial relations (including European Works Council, worker participation, European social dialogue, etc.) and working conditions (health and safety, exposure to dangerous substances – REACH, etc.).