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Isobutylene glycol may be considered a kind of butylene glycol, similarly to butane historically including n-butane and i-butane (isobutane). The modern name for the closely related type of compounds is methylpropanediol. There are two stable structural isomers: 2-methylpropane-1,2-diol; 2-methylpropane-1,3-diol
1,4-Butanediol, also called Butane-1,4-diol (other names include 1,4-B, BD, BDO and 1,4-BD), [5] is a primary alcohol and an organic compound with the formula HOCH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 OH. . It is a colorless viscous liquid first synthesized in 1890 via acidic hydrolysis of N,N'-dinitro-1,4-butanediamine by Dutch chemist Pieter Johannes Dekkers, who called it "tetramethylene glyco
1,2-Butanediol is a byproduct of the production of 1,4-butanediol from butadiene. [8] It is also a byproduct of the catalytic hydrocracking of starches and sugars such as sorbitol to ethylene glycol and propylene glycol. [9] It can also be obtained from the dihydroxylation of but-1-ene by OsO 4.
1,3-Butanediol is an organic compound with the formula CH 3 CH(OH)CH 2 CH 2 OH, not to be confused with 1,4 Butanediol. With two alcohol functional groups, the molecule is classified as a diol . The compound without the R (or D) designation is racemic, which is what has been used in most studies before 2023.
Fermentative production of 2,3-butanediol from carbohydrates involves a network of biochemical reactions that can be manipulated to maximize production. [8] 2,3-butanediol has been proposed as a rocket fuel that could be created on Mars by means of cyanobacteria and E. coli, shipped from Earth, working on resources available at the surface of ...
The butanediol is derived from condensation of acetylene with formaldehyde followed by hydrogenation. [8] DuPont developed a process for producing THF by oxidizing n-butane to crude maleic anhydride, followed by catalytic hydrogenation. [10] A third major industrial route entails hydroformylation of allyl alcohol followed by hydrogenation to 1 ...
In oil and gas industries, multiphase flow often implies to simultaneous flow of oil, water and gas. The term is also applicable to the properties of a flow in some field where there is a chemical injection or various types of inhibitors. [18] [19] In petroleum engineering, drilling fluid consists of a gas-solid phase. Furthermore, crude oil ...
γ-Butyrolactone is produced industrially by dehydrogenation of 1,4-butanediol at a temperature of 180–300 °C and atmospheric pressure in the presence of a copper catalyst. [5] The yield of this process is approximately 95%. The purification takes place with a liquid-gas-phase extraction. [5]