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Assuming the spacing between two ions is a, the potential in the lattice will look something like this: The mathematical representation of the potential is a periodic function with a period a. According to Bloch's theorem, [1] the wavefunction solution of the Schrödinger equation when the potential is periodic, can be written as:
In physics, the Bethe ansatz is an ansatz for finding the exact wavefunctions of certain quantum many-body models, most commonly for one-dimensional lattice models.It was first used by Hans Bethe in 1931 to find the exact eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the one-dimensional antiferromagnetic isotropic (XXX) Heisenberg model.
The density of states in a three-dimensional lattice will be the same as in the case of the absence of a lattice. For the three-dimensional case the density of states () is; = . In three-dimensional space the Brillouin zone boundaries are planes. The dispersion relations show conics of the free-electron energy dispersion parabolas for all ...
In mathematical physics, a lattice model is a mathematical model of a physical system that is defined on a lattice, as opposed to a continuum, such as the continuum of space or spacetime. Lattice models originally occurred in the context of condensed matter physics , where the atoms of a crystal automatically form a lattice.
The Toda lattice, introduced by Morikazu Toda , is a simple model for a one-dimensional crystal in solid state physics. It is famous because it is one of the earliest examples of a non-linear completely integrable system. It is given by a chain of particles with nearest neighbor interaction, described by the Hamiltonian
The spin 1/2 Heisenberg model in one dimension may be solved exactly using the Bethe ansatz. [1] In the algebraic formulation, these are related to particular quantum affine algebras and elliptic quantum groups in the XXZ and XYZ cases respectively. [2] Other approaches do so without Bethe ansatz. [3]
In condensed matter physics, Anderson localization (also known as strong localization) [1] is the absence of diffusion of waves in a disordered medium. This phenomenon is named after the American physicist P. W. Anderson, who was the first to suggest that electron localization is possible in a lattice potential, provided that the degree of randomness (disorder) in the lattice is sufficiently ...
Schematic geometric solutions of the mathematical Thomson Problem for up to N = 5 electrons. Mathematically exact minimum energy configurations have been rigorously identified in only a handful of cases. For N = 1, the solution is trivial. The single electron may reside at any point on the surface of the unit sphere.