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The following is a list of genetic disorders and if known, type of mutation and for the chromosome involved. Although the parlance "disease-causing gene" is common, it is the occurrence of an abnormality in the parents that causes the impairment to develop within the child. There are over 6,000 known genetic disorders in humans.
A genetic disorder is a health problem caused by one or more abnormalities in the genome. It can be caused by a mutation in a single gene (monogenic) or multiple genes (polygenic) or by a chromosome abnormality. Although polygenic disorders are the most common, the term is mostly used when discussing disorders with a single genetic cause ...
Turner syndrome (' TS), commonly known as 45,X, or 45,XO, is a chromosomal disorder in which cells have only one X chromosome or are partially missing an X chromosome (sex chromosome monosomy) leading to the complete or partial deletion of the pseudoautosomal regions (PAR1, PAR2) in the affected X chromosome. [2][6][7] Most people have two sex ...
Frequency. 1 in 5,000–10,000 [4] Marfan syndrome (MFS) is a multi-systemic genetic disorder that affects the connective tissue. [6][7][1] Those with the condition tend to be tall and thin, with long arms, legs, fingers, and toes. [1] They also typically have exceptionally flexible joints and abnormally curved spines. [1]
Trisomy X is a relatively common genetic disorder, occurring in around 1 in 1,000 female births. Due to its subtle effects, at most 10% of cases are diagnosed during their lifetime. [ 45 ] Large cytogenetic studies in Denmark find a diagnosed prevalence of 6 in 100,000 females, around 7% of the actual number of girls and women with trisomy X ...
Birt–Hogg–Dubé syndrome (BHD), also Hornstein–Birt–Hogg–Dubé syndrome, Hornstein–Knickenberg syndrome, and fibrofolliculomas with trichodiscomas and acrochordons[1] is a human, adult onset, autosomal dominant genetic disorder caused by a mutation in the folliculin (FLCN) gene. It can cause susceptibility to kidney cancer, renal ...
1 per 5,000 births [3] Trisomy 18, also known as Edwards syndrome, is a genetic disorder caused by the presence of a third copy of all or part of chromosome 18. [3] Many parts of the body are affected. [3] Babies are often born small and have heart defects. [3] Other features include a small head, small jaw, clenched fists with overlapping ...
Cystic fibrosis (also known as CF or mucoviscidosis) is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder affecting most critically the lungs, and also the pancreas, liver, and intestine.