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  2. Withdrawal reflex - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Withdrawal_reflex

    The withdrawal reflex (nociceptive flexion reflex or flexor withdrawal reflex) is a spinal reflex intended to protect the body from damaging stimuli. [1] The reflex rapidly coordinates the contractions of all the flexor muscles and the relaxations of the extensors in that limb causing sudden withdrawal from the potentially damaging stimulus. [2]

  3. Crossed extensor reflex - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crossed_extensor_reflex

    The crossed extensor reflex or crossed extensor response or crossed extension reflex is a reflex in which the contralateral limb compensates for loss of support when the ipsilateral limb withdraws from painful stimulus in a withdrawal reflex. [1] During a withdrawal reflex, the flexors in the withdrawing limb contract and the extensors relax ...

  4. Reciprocal innervation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reciprocal_innervation

    A common example of reciprocal innervation, is the effect of the nociceptive (or nocifensive) reflex, or defensive response to pain, otherwise commonly known as the withdrawal reflex; a type of involuntary action of the body to remove the body part from the vicinity of an offending object by contracting the appropriate muscles (usually flexor ...

  5. Stretch reflex - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stretch_reflex

    The stretch reflex (myotatic reflex), or more accurately "muscle stretch reflex", is a muscle contraction in response to stretching a muscle. The function of the reflex is generally thought to be maintaining the muscle at a constant length but the response is often coordinated across multiple muscles and even joints. [1]

  6. Golgi tendon reflex - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golgi_tendon_reflex

    The Golgi tendon reflex[1] (also called inverse stretch reflex, autogenic inhibition, [2] tendon reflex[3]) is an inhibitory effect on the muscle resulting from the muscle tension stimulating Golgi tendon organs (GTO) of the muscle, and hence it is self-induced. The reflex arc is a negative feedback mechanism preventing too much tension on the ...

  7. Pain stimulus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pain_stimulus

    Pain stimulus is a technique used by medical personnel for assessing the consciousness level of a person who is not responding to normal interaction, voice commands or gentle physical stimuli (such as shaking of the shoulders). [1] It forms one part of a number of neurological assessments, including the first aid based AVPU scale and the more ...

  8. Self-preservation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-preservation

    Self-preservation is a behavior or set of behaviors that ensures the survival of an organism. [1] It is thought to be universal among all living organisms. For sentient organisms, pain and fear are integral parts of this mechanism. Pain motivates the individual to withdraw from damaging situations, to protect a damaged body part while it heals ...

  9. Reflex arc - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reflex_arc

    An integrating center, the point at which the neurons that compose the gray matter of the spinal cord or brainstem synapse. Efferent nerve fibers carry motor nerve signals from the anterior horn to the muscles. Effector muscle innervated by the efferent nerve fiber carries out the response. A reflex arc, then, is the pathway followed by nerves ...