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e. Air pollution is the contamination of air due to the presence of substances called pollutants in the atmosphere that are harmful to the health of humans and other living beings, or cause damage to the climate or to materials. [ 1 ] It is also the contamination of the indoor or outdoor environment either by chemical, physical, or biological ...
While the effects of air pollution on the respiratory diseases are well understood, air pollution also affects the cardiovascular system at the same level as or higher level than the respiratory system, [32] and the adverse cardiovascular health outcomes in both children and adults are high when exposed to air pollution. Carbon monoxide, oxides ...
An air quality index (AQI) is an indicator developed by government agencies [1] to communicate to the public how polluted the air currently is or how polluted it is forecast to become. [2][3] As air pollution levels rise, so does the AQI, along with the associated public health risk. Children, the elderly and individuals with respiratory or ...
Reaction with daylight ultraviolet (UV) rays and these precursors create ground-level ozone pollution (tropospheric ozone). Ozone is known to have the following health effects at concentrations common in urban air: Irritation of the respiratory system, causing coughing, throat irritation, and/or an uncomfortable sensation in the chest.
Indoor air pollution is a major health hazard in developing countries and is commonly referred to as "household air pollution" in that context. [3] It is mostly relating to cooking and heating methods by burning biomass fuel, in the form of wood, charcoal, dung, and crop residue, in indoor environments that lack proper ventilation. Millions of ...
Smog, or smoke fog, is a type of intense air pollution. The word "smog" was coined in the early 20th century, and is a portmanteau of the words smoke and fog [1] to refer to smoky fog due to its opacity, and odor. [2] The word was then intended to refer to what was sometimes known as pea soup fog, a familiar and serious problem in London from ...
Climate change mitigation is interconnected with various co-benefits (such as reduced air pollution and associated health benefits) [109] and how it is carried out (in terms of e.g. policymaking) could also determine its effect on living standards (whether and how inequality and poverty are reduced). [110]
The Health Effects Institute (HEI) is an independent, non-profit corporation specializing in research on the health effects of air pollution. It is headquartered in Boston , Massachusetts , United States.